{
  "abstract": "ObjectiveTo examine associations of health insurance status, household income, and cost-related healthcare barriers with receipt of a routine medical checkup among U.S. adults.\n\nMethodsThis cross-sectional study analyzed 2024 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data. Survey-weighted descriptive estimates and multivariable logistic regression incorporated sampling weights, strata, and primary sampling units. The outcome was a routine medical checkup within the previous 12 months.\n\nResultsAmong 321,592 complete cases, 78.0% of U.S. adults reported a recent routine checkup. Cost-related barriers (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 0.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.54-0.57) and uninsurance (AOR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.27-0.29) were associated with lower checkup utilization. Lower household-income groups generally had lower adjusted odds than adults with incomes of $200,000 or more.\n\nConclusionsInsurance, income, and reported cost barriers were independently associated with routine checkup utilization. Findings are descriptive and do not establish causal effects.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Grambling State University"
  ],
  "article_type": "PUBLISHAHEADOFPRINT",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "C. N. Onwuameze"
    },
    {
      "name": "J. Nwoha"
    },
    {
      "name": "G. Orji"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dy38c2barwh32.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.64898/2026.09.29.26364306",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.29.26364306v1.full",
  "id": "dy38c2barwh32",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.29.26364306v1",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "medrxiv",
      "public and global health"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2002|Healthcare Policy and Management"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214965228",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.29.26364306v1.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-29",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dy38c2barwh32.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:45Z",
      "native_id": "10.64898/2026.09.29.26364306",
      "source": "medrxiv",
      "url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.29.26364306v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "medrxiv:public and global health",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Associations of Health Insurance, Household Income, and Cost-Related Healthcare Barriers With Routine Medical Checkup Utilization Among U.S. Adults: Evidence From the 2024 BRFSS",
  "title_text": "Associations of Health Insurance, Household Income, and Cost-Related Healthcare Barriers With Routine Medical Checkup Utilization Among U.S. Adults: Evidence From the 2024 BRFSS",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:45Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dy38c2barwh32",
  "venue": "medRxiv",
  "versions": []
}