{
  "abstract": "We extend a minimal phenomenological model of composite stress by introducing three\n\nquantities:\n\n&sum;\n\nshielding, apparent stress, and the stress ratio. Composite stress is written as\n\ni\n\naieiQi = F, with weights ai ≥ 0, &sum;\n\ni\n\nai = 1, where ei\n\nis sensitivity and Qi\n\nis the stim-\n\nulus magnitude of source i. Normalizing by the maximum weight amax = maxi ai\n\n, we define the\n\nshielding factor bi = ai/amax &isin; [0, 1], the normalized effective sensitivity ϵi = bi ei/e0, and the\n\napparent stress Sapp = F/(e0amaxQ0) = &sum;\n\ni Ei with Ei = aieiQi/(e0amaxQ0). We show that (i)\n\nconcentrating attention on one stimulus (amax &rarr; 1) shields the others and lowers Sapp, while (ii)\n\nthe raw stress F changes according to the redistribution of weights. For a shift of weight δ from\n\na source j to a source k, the change in raw stress is ∆F = δ (ekQk −ejQj ) = δ ejQj (r −1) with\n\nthe stress ratio r = ekQk/(ejQj ). Thus F decreases if and only if r < 1, i.e., if the concentration\n\ntarget is weaker than the displaced source. The apparent and raw stresses are independent: Sapp\n\ncan decrease even when F increases. We discuss the implications for attentional shielding (e.g.,\n\nengagement in a demanding activity) and state the limitations of the note.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 1,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "takashi ueda"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dy83fm1wta0ze.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.5281/zenodo.23503638",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "dy83fm1wta0ze",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://zenodo.org/records/23503638",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://zenodo.org/api/records/23503638/files/%E8%A4%87%E5%90%88%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B9.pdf/content",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-20",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dy83fm1wta0ze.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T12:20:40Z",
      "native_id": "23503638",
      "source": "zenodo",
      "url": "https://zenodo.org/records/23503638"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [],
  "title": "Shielding, Apparent Stress, and the Stress Ratio: A Note on Attentional Redistribution in a Phenomenological Model of Composite Stress",
  "title_text": "Shielding, Apparent Stress, and the Stress Ratio: A Note on Attentional Redistribution in a Phenomenological Model of Composite Stress",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-03T12:20:40Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/dy83fm1wta0ze",
  "venue": "Zenodo",
  "versions": []
}