{
  "abstract": "Retrotransposons comprise large fractions of many genomes and numerous transposon control mechanisms have evolved to combat retrotransposon expansion. The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains several active retrotransposon families but maintains a remarkably compact genome, all without many of the transposon control systems used in mammals. Here, we review restriction factor control of the yeast Ty1 family of LTR-retrotransposons. Several decades of study have identified a novel mechanism that provides highly specific restriction of Ty1 using transposon-derived sequences. Recent work combining structural, biophysical, biochemical, and genetic techniques has revealed a detailed mechanism of this restriction and the determinants of specificity. Interestingly, two Ty1 subfamilies each converged on the same restriction mechanism despite following separate evolutionary histories. The protein p22/p18 is a self-encoded restriction factor that targets Ty1c and is produced from an internally initiated mRNA. Drt2 is a restriction factor that targets Ty1' and is produced from a transposon fragment endogenized by the host genome. Both interfere with the assembly of transposon virus-like particles using a shared dimerization surface, but subtle sequence divergence in this interface directs each restriction factor against its specific Ty1 subfamily. This work presents a framework to identify novel transposon control systems in other organisms.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Biology, Hope College, Holland, MI 49423, USA."
  ],
  "article_type": "review article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sean L Beckwith",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6559-1030"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mackenzie J S Streeter"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/e2345f2184vyp.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/v18101154",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13709905",
  "id": "e2345f2184vyp",
  "issns": [
    "1999-4915"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42944073",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1110|Chromosomal and Genetic Variations"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7222944517",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13709905?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13709905",
  "pmid": "42944073",
  "published": "2026-10-17",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/e2345f2184vyp.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:12Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42944073",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42944073"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:1110|Chromosomal and Genetic Variations",
      "subfield": "plant-biology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Restriction Factor Control of Ty1 Family LTR-Retrotransposons in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.",
  "title_text": "Restriction Factor Control of Ty1 Family LTR-Retrotransposons in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:12Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/e2345f2184vyp",
  "venue": "Viruses",
  "versions": []
}