{
  "abstract": "Water-based, wax-free release agents are attractive for concrete formwork, yet their emulsification window and demoulding behaviour remain poorly defined. This work prepared a soybean-oil/naphthenic-oil emulsion and evaluated its stability and pull-off performance. OP-10/Span-80 blends produced a visually stable soybean-oil emulsion in a narrow hydrophilic–lipophilic balance (HLB) window, with only trace or small separation within 1 h across a calculated HLB interval of 12.15–12.31 at an assumed OP-10 HLB of 14.5 (11.3–12.3 across the reported range). The high-non-volatile-content naphthenic-oil emulsion containing 1.00 wt% sodium benzoate (MH2+) showed no visible phase boundary after centrifugation at 7000 rpm for 6 min and only a thin re-emulsifiable surface layer after 20 d, whereas the sodium-benzoate-free emulsion separated into three phases. At 1.57–1.59 micrometres, the 1:3 blend of the soybean-oil emulsion and MH2+ gave a pull-off force of 7.92 N, comparable to EP6 (7.963 N at 1.50 micrometres) and lower than MH2+ (11.63 N) and the soybean-oil emulsion (55.26 N), and produced visually more uniform demoulded surfaces. The blend force increased to 73.68 N at 1.05 micrometres, indicating that sufficient coating is essential. The 1:3 blend is therefore a promising low-force, wax-free water-based release agent at sufficient coating, providing a basis for coating optimization and field validation.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Jiangsu Power Transmission and Transformation Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210000, China",
    "College of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Biliang Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jiejun Yuan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Haidong Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wei Xu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yongmei Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Leiying Han"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Xiaoyan Liu",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2696-6925"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/e373d2mrd4a00.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/nano16211429",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "e373d2mrd4a00",
  "issns": [
    "2079-4991"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/16/21/1429",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-05",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/e373d2mrd4a00.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-06T00:21:10Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/nano16211429",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/16/21/1429"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "issn:2079-4991",
      "subfield": "materials-polymers"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Preparation, Emulsion Stability and Preliminary Demoulding Evaluation of a Wax-Free Water-Based Soybean Oil-Mineral Oil Concrete Release Agent",
  "title_text": "Preparation, Emulsion Stability and Preliminary Demoulding Evaluation of a Wax-Free Water-Based Soybean Oil-Mineral Oil Concrete Release Agent",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-06T00:21:10Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/e373d2mrd4a00",
  "venue": "Nanomaterials",
  "versions": []
}