{
  "abstract": "Task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) examines how the brain dynamically responds to cognitive and perceptual demands, offering complementary insight beyond traditional activation-based analyses in schizophrenia. Prior task-based fMRI studies have identified reduced functional connectivity within auditory and associated cortical areas. In this study, we investigated task-evoked functional connectivity and brain state dynamics in 25 healthy controls, 23 patients with schizophrenia experiencing auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH+), and 23 patients without hallucinations (AVH-). Participants completed multiple auditory paradigms, including word lists, sentence lists, and reverse speech. The most robust connectivity differences emerged during the word list task, where cluster-level analyses revealed distinct network interaction patterns differentiating controls, AVH + , and AVH-patients. Energy landscape modeling further demonstrated altered stability and organization of brain states in both patient groups, with the largest deviations observed in AVH+ individuals. These alterations point to dysregulated neural dynamics linked to hallucination vulnerability. Overall, the results show that task-based fMRI sensitively captures disruptions in functional connectivity and brain state stability relevant to auditory hallucinations, underscoring its value for characterizing network-level mechanisms underlying perceptual disturbances in schizophrenia.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Lab, Laurel, Maryland, United States of America",
    "Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America",
    "Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UT Health, Houston, Texas, United States of America"
  ],
  "article_type": "Research Article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Janerra D. Allen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Elliot Hong"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Fow-Sen Choa"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/e3dm0cs8ac1gd.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0339756",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "e3dm0cs8ac1gd",
  "issns": [
    "1932-6203"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0339756",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
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      "openalex",
      "2805|Functional Brain Connectivity Studies"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Brain mapping"
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      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Brain mapping/Functional magnetic resonance imaging"
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      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Cognitive science/Cognitive psychology/Perception/Sensory perception"
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      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Cognitive science/Cognitive psychology/Perception/Sensory perception/Hallucinations"
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      "/Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Sensory perception"
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      "/Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Sensory perception/Hallucinations"
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      "/Biology and life sciences/Psychology/Cognitive psychology/Perception/Sensory perception"
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      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Psychology/Cognitive psychology/Perception/Sensory perception/Hallucinations"
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      "/Computer and information sciences/Neural networks"
    ],
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      "/Computer and information sciences/Systems science/Dwell time"
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      "/Medicine and health sciences/Diagnostic medicine/Diagnostic radiology/Magnetic resonance imaging/Functional magnetic resonance imaging"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Mental health and psychiatry/Schizophrenia"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Radiology and imaging/Diagnostic radiology/Magnetic resonance imaging/Functional magnetic resonance imaging"
    ],
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      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Mathematics/Systems science/Dwell time"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Research and analysis methods/Imaging techniques/Diagnostic radiology/Magnetic resonance imaging/Functional magnetic resonance imaging"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Research and analysis methods/Imaging techniques/Neuroimaging/Functional magnetic resonance imaging"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Social sciences/Linguistics/Speech"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Social sciences/Psychology/Cognitive psychology/Perception/Sensory perception"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Social sciences/Psychology/Cognitive psychology/Perception/Sensory perception/Hallucinations"
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  "pdf_url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0339756&type=printable",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-08",
  "publisher": "Public Library of Science",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/e3dm0cs8ac1gd.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:30Z",
      "native_id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0339756",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0339756"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "plos:neuroscience",
      "subfield": "neuroscience"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Energy landscape and dynamic state modeling for schizophrenia biomarker extraction in task-based fMRI",
  "title_text": "Energy landscape and dynamic state modeling for schizophrenia biomarker extraction in task-based fMRI",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:30Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/e3dm0cs8ac1gd",
  "venue": "PLOS One",
  "versions": []
}