{
  "abstract": "Background\n\nChlorella species have attracted attention for their potential to improve cardiovascular and metabolic health; however, comprehensive evidence from controlled trials remains limited.Methods\n\nA comprehensive search of PubMed, CENTRAL, Web of Science, Scopus, and EMBASE databases was conducted up to February 2025. Study quality and certainty of evidence were assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tools, respectively.Results\n\nThirty-three studies were included. Chlorella supplementation led to significant reductions in body fat (Weighted Mean Difference [WMD] = -0.72%; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: -1.09, -0.35; P < 0.001), body mass index (WMD = -0.29 kg/m²; 95% CI:-0.44, -0.15; P < 0.001), weight (WMD = -1.52 kg; 95% CI:-2.07, -0.97; P < 0.001), waist-to-hip ratio (WMD = -0.01%; 95% CI:-0.01, -0.01; P < 0.001), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (WMD = -0.20; 95% CI:-0.33, -0.08; P = 0.002), insulin (WMD = -0.97 µIU/mL; 95% CI:-1.38, -0.55; P < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (WMD = -5.70 mg/dL; 95% CI:-8.10, -3.31; P < 0.001), total cholesterol (WMD = -7.02 mg/dL; 95% CI:-9.78, -4.25; P < 0.001), alanine transaminase (WMD = -4.84 IU/L; 95% CI:-6.46, -3.21; P < 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (WMD = -3.38 IU/L; 95% CI:-4.65, -2.11; P < 0.001), and lactate dehydrogenase (WMD = -14.13 U/L; 95% CI: -25.18 to -3.09; P = 0.012). Additionally, there were significant increases in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (WMD = 1.57 mg/dL; 95% CI:0.27, 2.87; P = 0.018).Conclusions\n\nChlorella supplementation demonstrates meaningful benefits for cardiometabolic health, with effects influenced by species, dosage, and participant characteristics. While this analysis has some limitations, further long-term studies are required to optimize its clinical application. Overall, Chlorella appears to be a promising supplement that may warrant inclusion in dietary interventions.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ajafari.nut@gmail.com.",
    "Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran. Ajafari.nut@gmail.com.",
    "Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.",
    "Micronutrient Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Disorders, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.",
    "Student Research Committee, Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.",
    "Applied Biomedical Research Center, Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. amir_saheb2000@yahoo.com.",
    "Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India. amir_saheb2000@yahoo.com.",
    "Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. amir_saheb2000@yahoo.com."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ali Jafari",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7343-027X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Helia Mardani"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Niloufar Rasaei"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Bahare Parsi Nezhad"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        6,
        7
      ],
      "name": "Amirhossein Sahebkar",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8656-1444"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/e5xhsarpfa91a.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1186/s13643-026-03276-w",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13700261",
  "id": "e5xhsarpfa91a",
  "issns": [
    "2046-4053"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42928353",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1104|Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7171630480",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13700261?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13700261",
  "pmid": "42928353",
  "published": "2026-07-29",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/e5xhsarpfa91a.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:21:20Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42928353",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42928353"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:1104|Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds",
      "subfield": "ecology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Chlorella for health: evidence from a GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.",
  "title_text": "Chlorella for health: evidence from a GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:21:20Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/e5xhsarpfa91a",
  "venue": "Systematic reviews",
  "versions": []
}