{
  "abstract": "Arousal is essential for survival, and maladaptive arousal processing leads to an inability to focus, anxiety-like behavior, and dysregulated affective states. Norepinephrine (NE) is known to regulate anxiety, arousal, and learning through locus coeruleus (LC) projections throughout the brain. Evidence for co-release of the NE precursor and neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) from LC neurons has been accumulating for years, yet definitive measures of DA release across regions, stimulus paradigms, and behaviors associated with the LC-NE system remain controversial. Here, we identified the physiological and behavioral properties that evoke DA release from LC axon terminals. Using concomitant approaches, we inhibited the LC and ventral tegmental area (VTA) to selectively isolate the contributions of LC-derived DA release. Together these findings establish the constraints by which LC neurons release DA in a modality-dependent manner.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA",
    "Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion",
    "Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA",
    "Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA",
    "Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA",
    "Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA",
    "Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA",
    "Departments of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA",
    "Norcliffe Foundation Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle, WA, USA",
    "State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China",
    "Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain and Emotion, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Norcliffe Foundation Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98105, USA",
    "Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta,GA, USA",
    "State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University School of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China",
    "Department of Pharmacology, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA",
    "Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Avi K. Matarasso",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5876-1871"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        1,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Itzel Rodriguez Reyes"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Elena Seaholm"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        1,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Ashritha Cheeyandira"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6,
        1,
        7
      ],
      "name": "Michael J. Seibert"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        1,
        7,
        8
      ],
      "name": "Suchitha Jagalur"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6,
        9
      ],
      "name": "Sean C. Piantadosi",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3638-6713"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        10,
        11
      ],
      "name": "Li Li",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6131-4394"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        12,
        1,
        13,
        7
      ],
      "name": "Yulong Li",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9166-9919"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        14
      ],
      "name": "David Weinshenker",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3678-6215"
    },
    {
      "name": "Michael R. Bruchas",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4713-7816"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/e6tfx70b6sqmf.bib",
  "cited_by": 5,
  "doi": "10.1016/j.celrep.2026.117729",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "e6tfx70b6sqmf",
  "issns": [
    "2211-1247",
    "2639-1856"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2026.117729",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2804|Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W4414249677",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC12458169",
  "pmid": "41000916",
  "published": "2026-07-25",
  "publisher": "Cell Press",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/e6tfx70b6sqmf.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T13:21:11Z",
      "native_id": "W4414249677",
      "source": "openalex",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2026.117729"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:2804|Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior",
      "subfield": "neuroscience"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Stimulus-dependent dopamine dynamics from locus coeruleus axons",
  "title_text": "Stimulus-dependent dopamine dynamics from locus coeruleus axons",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-07T13:20:56Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/e6tfx70b6sqmf",
  "venue": "Cell Reports",
  "versions": []
}