{
  "abstract": "A bstract : Yang-Mills theories at θ and θ +2 π are unitarily equivalent, but their 2 π periodicity has a nontrivial realization. Recent developments in generalized symmetries rigorously prove that confinement vacua at θ = 0 and 2 π should belong to different symmetry-protected topological (SPT) states with the 1-form center symmetry. For its examination, we measure the Wilson-’t Hooft loop operators at θ = 2 π for the SU(2) Wilson lattice gauge action and discuss their long-distance behaviors. This requires us to identify the gauge topological charge in the presence of defects, and we employ the 1-form covariant DBW2 gradient flow to smear lattice gauge fields. We find a clear perimeter-law signal for the dyonic Wilson-’t Hooft loop at θ = 2 π , providing numerical evidence in the pure SU(2) Yang-Mills theory for the theoretically expected dyon condensation at θ = 2 π .",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Kyoto University",
    "Keio University",
    "RIKEN Center for Computational Science",
    "Center for Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences (iTHEMS), RIKEN",
    "The University of Tokyo",
    "Tokyo Woman’s Christian University"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Hiromasa Watanabe",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1515-1277"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Issaku Kanamori",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4467-1052"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Okuto Morikawa",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0044-4491"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Yuki Nagai",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5098-5440"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yuya Tanizaki",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1283-1808"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        5,
        0
      ],
      "name": "Akio Tomiya",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9374-3716"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/e9kwmwvpamck3.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1007/jhep10(2026)068",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "e9kwmwvpamck3",
  "issns": [
    "1029-8479"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://link.springer.com/10.1007/JHEP10(2026)068",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "3106|Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7164556139",
  "pdf_url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/JHEP10(2026)068.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-07",
  "publisher": "Springer Science and Business Media LLC",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/e9kwmwvpamck3.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:01Z",
      "native_id": "10.1007/jhep10(2026)068",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://link.springer.com/10.1007/JHEP10(2026)068"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "openalex:3106|Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions",
      "subfield": "high-energy"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Numerical hints for dyon condensation at θ = 2π via Wilson-’t Hooft loops in SU(2) Yang-Mills theory",
  "title_text": "Numerical hints for dyon condensation at θ = 2π via Wilson-’t Hooft loops in SU(2) Yang-Mills theory",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:01Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/e9kwmwvpamck3",
  "venue": "Journal of High Energy Physics",
  "versions": []
}