{
  "abstract": "The electrochemical behavior of copper under industrial-frequency (50 Hz) alternating current polarization was investigated in sulfate- and chloride-containing aqueous solutions using Cu-Cu and Cu-Ti electrode pairs. Copper–copper pairs showed practically no directional electrochemical processes, whereas replacing one electrode with titanium caused copper oxidation owing to a passive TiO2 film that forms on the titanium surface during the anodic half-cycle and acts as a rectifier. By varying the electrolyte composition (H2SO4, Na2SO4, HCl, NaCl), current density (from 2 × 104 to 1.5 × 105 A·m−2) and Cu2+ concentration (5–30 g·L−1), different copper compounds could be synthesized selectively and with high current efficiency: copper(II) oxide (CuO) formed in Na2SO4 (current efficiency up to 89.2%), metallic copper powder formed in H2SO4 containing Cu2+ (up to 75.2%), copper(I) oxide (Cu2O) formed in NaCl (99.1%), and copper(I) chloride (CuCl) formed in HCl with an apparent current efficiency exceeding 100% owing to concurrent processes.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Center of Physical-Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis, Farabi University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Abduali Bayeshov"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Azhar Bayeshova",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9076-8130"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Makpal Turlybekova"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Fatima Zhumabay",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8914-9375"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/eah8yp9bxh8n6.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/inorganics14100261",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "eah8yp9bxh8n6",
  "issns": [
    "2304-6740"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6740/14/10/261",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2208|Electrodeposition and Electroless Coatings"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221651708",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-13",
  "publisher": "MDPI AG",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/eah8yp9bxh8n6.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:46Z",
      "native_id": "10.3390/inorganics14100261",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6740/14/10/261"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "issn:2304-6740",
      "subfield": "inorganic"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Electrochemical Behavior of Copper in Aqueous Solutions Under Industrial-Frequency Alternating Current Polarization",
  "title_text": "Electrochemical Behavior of Copper in Aqueous Solutions Under Industrial-Frequency Alternating Current Polarization",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:46Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/eah8yp9bxh8n6",
  "venue": "Inorganics",
  "versions": []
}