{
  "abstract": "Background:: This study aimed to investigate the success rates and factors associated with smoking cessation outcomes among patients treated with cytisine, which has recently been administered in Turkey.\n\nMethods:: This retrospective cohort study evaluated data from patients who received free cytisine treatment under the national tobacco control program at two smoking cessation centers between May and December 2024. Binary logistic and Cox regression analyses were used.\n\nResults:: The mean age of the 236 patients was 42.13 ± 11.20 years, the mean Fagerström score was 8.64 ± 1.32, the mean smoking duration was 21.64 ± 11.61 years, the pack-year value was 28.84 ± 20.33, and the mean duration of cytisine treatment was 20.18 ± 8.19 days. At the six-month follow-up, the smoking cessation rate was 14.4%. Smoking duration (OR = 0.829, 95% CI: 0.691–0.996, P = .045), previous quit attempts (OR = 0.177, 95% CI: 0.034–0.934, P = .041), and cytisine treatment duration (OR = 1.207, 95% CI: 1.068–1.363, P = .002) were significantly associated with smoking cessation success. Using a cytisine value ≥ 25 as the reference category, participants with a value < 25 had a 71.9% lower hazard of smoking abstinence (HR = 0.281; 95% CI: 0.165–0.478; P < .001). Following adjustment for pack-year category, participants with a cytisine value < 25 had a 73.8% lower hazard of smoking abstinence than those with a value ≥ 25 (HR = 0.262; 95% CI: 0.154–0.448; P < .001). The overall effect of pack-year category was also statistically significant (P = .016). Compared with participants with 2–14 pack-years, the hazard of smoking abstinence was 34.1% lower among those with 15–35 pack-years (HR = 0.659; 95% CI: 0.442–0.984; P = .042) and 49.9% lower among those with > 35 pack-years (HR = 0.501; 95% CI: 0.312–0.806; P = .004).\n\nConclusion:: In this study, pack-years and duration of cytisine use were the primary factors associated with successful smoking cessation over six months. Additionally, the reported success rate for smoking cessation aligns with figures found in global literature, although it appears to be lower when compared to local studies. More research is needed to clarify the factors contributing to the significant variations in success rates reported across the literature.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey",
    "Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey",
    "Department of Pulmonology, Seyhan State Hospital, Adana, Turkey",
    "Department of Internal Medicine, Seyhan State Hospital, Adana, Turkey",
    "Department of Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ayşe Nur Topuz",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0970-228X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zeliha Yelda Özer",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2956-6513"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sevgi Özcan",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4601-5032"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hatice Kurdak",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4179-0056"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Hülya Binokay",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0162-4574"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Ayşe Turan",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0745-4975"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Nursel Akar",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-7192-792X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Özlem Olgunus",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-0495-9294"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Gülsüm Tezçağırır",
      "orcid": "0009-0006-2625-8343"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Çiğdem Erhan",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-4736-5699"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Pelin Duru Çetinkaya",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4428-8590"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ehgkh0jcjb29w.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1097/md.0000000000051305",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13727188/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "ehgkh0jcjb29w",
  "issns": [
    "0304-5412",
    "1536-5964",
    "0025-7974"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13727188",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "6600"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Observational Study"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Research Article"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13727188/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13727188",
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-30",
  "publisher": "Wolters Kluwer Health",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ehgkh0jcjb29w.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T15:20:51Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13727188",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13727188"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-05T12:23:19Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13727188",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000051305"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "journal-openalex:F27",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Smoking cessation outcomes with cytisine in Turkey : A retrospective cohort analysis of success rates and determinants",
  "title_text": "Smoking cessation outcomes with cytisine in Turkey : A retrospective cohort analysis of success rates and determinants",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-06T12:22:55Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ehgkh0jcjb29w",
  "venue": "Medicine",
  "versions": []
}