{
  "abstract": "The non-invasive detection of salivary biomarkers with high sensitivity and selectivity is critical for real-time monitoring of physiological stress and metabolic health. Herein, we report a rylene imide-based organic fluorophore, benzothioxanthene dicarboximide-diphenylamine (BTXI-DPA), for the selective detection of cortisol and uric acid within their physiological salivary ranges using fluorescence quenching. The platform demonstrates strong analyte specificity, with significantly enhanced quenching response towards cortisol compared to other steroidal hormones, including dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), oestradiol and progesterone. Spectroscopic investigations, including steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements, reveal that the quenching mechanism is predominantly governed by static interactions arising from ground-state complex formation. The dye shows a lower limit of detection (LOD) towards cortisol (LOD: 0.48 µg/dL) compared to uric acid (LOD: 841 µg/dL). The observed behaviour is attributed to analyte-dependent modulation of the electronic structure of BTXI-DPA, involving charge redistribution and electron transfer processes driven by intermolecular interactions. Molecular docking studies provide complementary insight into the interaction modes, highlighting the role of hydrogen bonding, π-π interactions and hydrophobic forces in stabilising analyte-probe complexes. Furthermore, a thin-film sensor fabricated via thermal evaporation demonstrates selective, rapid and reproducible electrochemical responses towards cortisol and uric acid, with stable performance over 10 days and good reusability. Overall, this work establishes BTXI-DPA as a versatile sensing platform offering a scalable approach for non-invasive, real-time, point-of-care monitoring of salivary biomarkers, with potential extension to a broader range of clinically relevant analytes.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 12,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Parth Pandit"
    },
    {
      "name": "Shahnewaz Ali"
    },
    {
      "name": "Maciej Klein"
    },
    {
      "name": "Luke Ney"
    },
    {
      "name": "Daniel A Broszczak"
    },
    {
      "name": "Clinton Fookes"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tony J Parker"
    },
    {
      "name": "Dario Puchan Sanchez"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ahmad Kassem"
    },
    {
      "name": "Clement Cabanetos"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chamindie Punyadeera"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ajay K Pandey"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ehrsz8c4xd1bd.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1155/js/5594275",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "ehrsz8c4xd1bd",
  "issns": [
    "1687-725X",
    "1687-7268"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05787217v1",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "hal",
      "0.chim"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1607|Molecular Sensors and Ion Detection"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7167617571",
  "pdf_url": "https://hal.science/hal-05787217/document",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-08",
  "publisher": "Hindawi Publishing Corporation",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ehrsz8c4xd1bd.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:51Z",
      "native_id": "hal-05787217",
      "source": "hal",
      "url": "https://hal.science/hal-05787217v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "openalex:1607|Molecular Sensors and Ion Detection",
      "subfield": "physical"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Rylene Imide‐Based Bio‐Sensing Platform for the Detection of Cortisol and Uric Acid",
  "title_text": "Rylene Imide‐Based Bio‐Sensing Platform for the Detection of Cortisol and Uric Acid",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:51Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ehrsz8c4xd1bd",
  "venue": "Journal of Sensors",
  "versions": []
}