{
  "abstract": "Extrusion-based bioprinting enables the development of tissue-like constructs; however, the impact of printing-associated shear stress on cell viability and function remains a critical consideration. To address this, we developed a comprehensive workflow combining rheological characterization, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling, and experimental validation to predict and assess shear stress effects during bioprinting. The rheological properties of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) at 5 % (w/v, 20 {degrees}C) and 10 % (30 {degrees}C) concentrations were modelled, comparing various non-Newtonian regression models. CFD simulations were validated using micro-particle image velocimetry, showing agreement between predicted and measured velocities. The impact of bioprinting-associated shear stress on cell viability was assessed using a co-culture of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and breast epithelial cells. Immediate post-printing analysis revealed increased apoptosis in GelMA 5 % (w/v, 20 {degrees}C), although 10 % (w/v) GelMA demonstrated higher shear stress levels compared to 5 % GelMA. After 1 day of culture in crosslinked hydrogels, apoptosis increased in extrusion pressure, demonstrating the impact of low levels of acute shear stress. This workflow provides a robust methodology for predicting acute shear stress impacts during bioprinting, laying the foundation for future optimization studies.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Queensland University of Technology"
  ],
  "article_type": "New results",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "J. W. Davern"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. Weekes"
    },
    {
      "name": "J. Amaya Catano"
    },
    {
      "name": "C. Meinert"
    },
    {
      "name": "L. Bray"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "T. J. Klein"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ekqbtjkm9fecn.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.64898/2026.09.02.748801",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.02.748801v1.full",
  "id": "ekqbtjkm9fecn",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.02.748801v1",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "biorxiv",
      "bioengineering"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2204|3D Printing in Biomedical Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7207769177",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.02.748801v1.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-02",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ekqbtjkm9fecn.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:04Z",
      "native_id": "10.64898/2026.09.02.748801",
      "source": "biorxiv",
      "url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.02.748801v2"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "biorxiv:bioengineering",
      "subfield": "systems-synthetic"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Modelling and measuring effects of shear stress in extrusion bioprinting of endothelial- epithelial cell co-cultures",
  "title_text": "Modelling and measuring effects of shear stress in extrusion bioprinting of endothelial- epithelial cell co-cultures",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:50Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ekqbtjkm9fecn",
  "venue": "bioRxiv",
  "versions": []
}