{
  "abstract": "Objective:: We examined the effects of price interventions on the healthiness of a hypothetical food order in a simulated online out-of-home food delivery app.\n\nDesign:: The design was a randomised controlled trial, with four conditions (10 % taxation of less healthy menu items; 10 % subsidy of healthier menu items; a combination of taxation and subsidy; standard pricing), and recruitment was stratified by socioeconomic position (SEP). Primary outcomes were healthier v. less healthy main meal selected and total kilocalories (kcals) selected.\n\nSetting:: Participants selected a hypothetical evening meal from out-of-home food outlets on a simulated online food delivery app.\n\nParticipants:: N 3106 adult participants from the UK were randomised into taxation (n 750), subsidies (n 808), a combination of taxation and subsidies (n 769), and standard pricing (n 779). 57–58 % of participants were of higher SEP.\n\nResults:: There were no statistically significant effects of the pricing interventions on whether a healthy v. less healthy main meal was selected (e.g. taxation v. control OR 0·91 (95 % CI 0·74, 1·12); subsidies v. control OR 1·08 (95 % CI 0·89, 1·31)) or on total kcals selected (e.g. taxation v. control regression coefficient −44·31 (95 % CI −95·90, 7·28); subsidies v. control regression coefficient −7·94 (95 % CI −60·23, 44·35)). There was no evidence that effects differed by SEP.\n\nConclusions:: We found no convincing evidence that 10 % changes in price of healthy and less healthy food in a simulated out-of-home food delivery app significantly impacted on healthiness of food selected. Further research may benefit from examining effects of larger price changes and in real-world purchasing conditions.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Division of Musculoskeletal & Dermatological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, UK",
    "Department of Psychology, Institute of Population Health, University of Liverpool, UK",
    "School of Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, UK"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Rozemarijn Witkam",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9337-4858"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jane Brealey"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Loukia Tzavella"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Amy Finlay"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Andrew Jones"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Eric Robinson"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/enag76ahzraf1.bib",
  "cited_by": 1,
  "doi": "10.1017/s1368980026103334",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13740161/",
  "id": "enag76ahzraf1",
  "issns": [
    "1368-9800",
    "1475-2727"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s1368980026103334",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Interventions"
    ],
    [
      "heading",
      "Research Paper"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2739|Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7202091998",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/66EE835F91E647EB6C541F72BA46B01E/S1368980026103334a.pdf/div-class-title-socioeconomic-position-and-the-effect-of-price-interventions-on-healthier-and-less-healthy-food-on-food-selection-in-a-simulated-food-delivery-app-a-randomised-controlled-trial-div.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13740161",
  "pmid": "42572379",
  "published": "2026-08-10",
  "publisher": "Cambridge University Press",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/enag76ahzraf1.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-10T12:21:28Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13740161",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1017/s1368980026103334"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2739|Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Socioeconomic position and the effect of price interventions on healthier and less healthy food on food selection in a simulated food delivery app: a randomised controlled trial",
  "title_text": "Socioeconomic position and the effect of price interventions on healthier and less healthy food on food selection in a simulated food delivery app: a randomised controlled trial",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-10T12:21:28Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/enag76ahzraf1",
  "venue": "Public Health Nutrition",
  "versions": []
}