{
  "abstract": "A soft hydrogel intraocular lens (IOL) based on poly(acrylamide-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (poly(AAm-co-HEMA)) was developed as a tunable material platform for canine ophthalmic applications, addressing the limited exploration of hydrogel-based IOL materials in veterinary use. By systematically varying the AAm:HEMA composition, the hydration, surface, mechanical, optical, and cytocompatibility properties were evaluated to identify a formulation with a favorable overall balance of material characteristics. The selected hydrogel formulation, consisting of 18% (w/v) total monomer content with an AAm:HEMA ratio of 90:10, exhibited high visible-light transmittance (99.31 ± 0.05%), favorable wettability (16.69 ± 1.03°), a swelling ratio of 31.71 ± 2.06%, an elastic modulus of 45.96 ± 10.55 kPa, and high cytocompatibility (97.23 ± 8.40% cell viability). Functional imaging using a USAF 1951 resolution target further showed spatial resolution and image contrast comparable to a commercial IOL under the tested conditions. At the investigated lens geometry, the selected 90:10 formulation exhibited an optical power of 29.16 ± 0.54 D. Preliminary injector-assisted delivery also demonstrated folding and recovery of the overall IOL configuration without visible structural damage. Although the measured optical power was below the typical 35–40 D range for canine IOLs, adjustment of optic curvature and thickness provides a route toward the required optical power, while accounting for hydration-dependent dimensional and optical changes. Overall, the developed composition–geometry platform enables material properties and lens geometry to be considered as complementary design parameters, providing a foundation for further canine-specific geometric, biological, ex vivo, and in vivo evaluation.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Chulalongkorn University , , ,",
    "University of Waterloo , , , ,"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Anya Chiradejnant",
      "orcid": "0009-0002-6788-5045"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Suwat Romphosri"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Theerapat Chanamuangkon"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Titima Lertsrisatit"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Orapun Jaturakan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Nalinee Tuntivanich"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Sushanta K. Mitra",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-0792-8314"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Charusluk Viphavakit",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4176-3341"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/enzj2h6r0nsac.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1021/acsomega.6c07873",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "enzj2h6r0nsac",
  "issns": [
    "2470-1343"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/doi/10.1021/acsomega.6c07873/5458102/Tunable-Poly-acrylamide-co-HEMA-Hydrogel",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1313|Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223667961",
  "pdf_url": "https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsomega.6c07873",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-26",
  "publisher": "American Chemical Society (ACS)",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/enzj2h6r0nsac.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:40Z",
      "native_id": "10.1021/acsomega.6c07873",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/doi/10.1021/acsomega.6c07873/5458102/Tunable-Poly-acrylamide-co-HEMA-Hydrogel"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:1313|Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Tunable Poly(acrylamide- co -HEMA) Hydrogel Intraocular Lenses for Canine Ophthalmic Applications",
  "title_text": "Tunable Poly(acrylamide- co -HEMA) Hydrogel Intraocular Lenses for Canine Ophthalmic Applications",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:40Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/enzj2h6r0nsac",
  "venue": "ACS Omega",
  "versions": []
}