{
  "abstract": "Canine models are invaluable for translational geroscience, but natural sex-associated immune aging remains underinvestigated. Here, we characterize the age-associated hematologic and serum cytokine profiles in a controlled cross-sectional cohort of 80 intact laboratory Beagles spanning 1 to 11 years of age. Canine immune aging is heterogeneous and non-linear. While several absolute leukocyte counts declined with age before rising again in geriatric dogs, serum cytokines exhibited distinct, sex-stratified patterns. Although more cytokines varied significantly with age in males than in females, formal age-by-sex interactions did not remain significant after false discovery rate correction. To explore short-term geroprotective responses, we evaluated 24 young beagles following a 90-day intervention with rapamycin, canagliflozin, or dietary restriction. Rapamycin was associated with the broadest endpoint cytokine response. Canagliflozin showed narrower cytokine differences alongside descriptive body-weight reduction, whereas dietary restriction reduced body weight without altering measured immune endpoints. Given the small group sizes and endpoint-only cytokine measurements, these intervention findings remain exploratory and hypothesis-generating. Together, our findings describe stage-specific hematologic changes and sex-stratified cytokine patterns across the canine lifespan and provide a basis for future longitudinal studies.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Institute of Advanced Biotechnology, Institute of Homeostatic Medicine, and School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055,"
  ],
  "article_type": "New results",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "M. Lai"
    },
    {
      "name": "F. Xu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Y. Xu"
    },
    {
      "name": "A. Mironenkov"
    },
    {
      "name": "Y. Jin"
    },
    {
      "name": "S. Zhang"
    },
    {
      "name": "J. Pan"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "B. Deng"
    },
    {
      "name": "J.-K. Zhu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Y.-X. Lyu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/eps3zy8x4eqby.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.64898/2026.09.09.750505",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.09.750505v1.full",
  "id": "eps3zy8x4eqby",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.09.750505v1",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "biorxiv",
      "physiology"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.09.750505v1.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-09",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/eps3zy8x4eqby.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:34Z",
      "native_id": "10.64898/2026.09.09.750505",
      "source": "biorxiv",
      "url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.09.750505v2"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "biorxiv:physiology",
      "subfield": "physiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Sex-dimorphic immune trajectories across the canine lifespan and early-life signatures of geroprotective interventions",
  "title_text": "Sex-dimorphic immune trajectories across the canine lifespan and early-life signatures of geroprotective interventions",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:26:08Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/eps3zy8x4eqby",
  "venue": "bioRxiv",
  "versions": [
    {
      "doi": "10.1007/s10522-026-10518-w",
      "pid": null,
      "relation": "published-as",
      "title": null,
      "venue": null
    }
  ]
}