{
  "abstract": "Background: Non-invasive hemoglobin measurement offers a painless and rapid alternative to conventional blood-based testing. The Vivaray Hb pro is a handheld photoplethysmography-based device designed for point-of-care hemoglobin assessment without blood sampling. We evaluated the clinical performance of the Vivaray Hb pro by comparing device-generated hemoglobin values with those obtained from a calibrated laboratory blood cell counter. Methods: In this cross-sectional, non-randomized clinical performance study, participants aged ≥8 years were prospectively recruited. Hemoglobin was measured non-invasively using the Vivaray Hb pro and compared with venous blood samples analyzed on a calibrated Coulter counter. Agreement between methods was assessed using Bland–Altman analysis, including regression-based evaluation for proportional bias. Mean difference, mean absolute error (MAE) and proportions of measurements within tolerance limits were also calculated. Complete paired measurements were available for 763 individuals. Results: Bland–Altman analysis returned a mean difference of −0.40 g/dL. The bias was hemoglobin-dependent, being higher than the true value at low hemoglobin levels and underestimation at higher levels. Regression-based analysis showed proportional bias (β1 = −0.178), indicating decreasing difference with increasing hemoglobin concentration. The MAE was 1.5 g/dL but was lower (1.2) in the clinically predominant ranges of 8.1–13 g/dL. Conclusion: The Vivaray Hb pro can function as a useful non-invsive screening and point-of-care assessment device for measuring hemoglobin, particularly in settings where rapid, painless and repeatable measurements are desirable.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "IR Innovate Research Pvt. Ltd., Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India",
    "City X-Ray and Scan Clinic Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, India",
    "Citizen Hospital, Kalasipalya, Bengaluru, India",
    "Dr. Dipti’s Multispeciality Clinics, Sahibabad, Uttar Pradesh, India",
    "Panchsheel Hospital, New Delhi, India",
    "Department of Surgery, IMU University, Malaysia"
  ],
  "article_type": "Research Article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Devesh Kumar"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Sunita Kapoor"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Ambanna Gowda"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Dipti Gupta"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Harsh Mittal"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Suneet Sood"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/eqb30a4dxp3mg.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0353640",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "eqb30a4dxp3mg",
  "issns": [
    "1932-6203"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0353640",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Anatomy/Body fluids/Blood/Blood counts"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Biochemistry/Proteins/Hemoglobin"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Bioengineering/Biotechnology/Medical devices and equipment"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Cell biology/Cellular types/Animal cells/Blood cells"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Physiology/Body fluids/Blood/Blood counts"
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    [
      "plos",
      "/Engineering and technology/Bioengineering/Biotechnology/Medical devices and equipment"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Anatomy/Body fluids/Blood/Blood counts"
    ],
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      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Health care/Patients/Outpatients"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Hematology/Anemia"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Medical devices and equipment"
    ],
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      "plos",
      "/Physical sciences/Physics/Electromagnetic radiation/Light/Light pulses"
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      "plos",
      "/Research and analysis methods/Research facilities/Research laboratories/Government laboratories"
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  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-03",
  "publisher": "Public Library of Science",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/eqb30a4dxp3mg.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-04T12:20:43Z",
      "native_id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0353640",
      "source": "plos",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0353640"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "plos:biotechnology",
      "subfield": "systems-synthetic"
    },
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "plos:anatomy",
      "subfield": "physiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Vivaray Hb pro non-invasive hemoglobin device: A prospective diagnostic accuracy study measuring agreement with a calibrated blood cell counter",
  "title_text": "Vivaray Hb pro non-invasive hemoglobin device: A prospective diagnostic accuracy study measuring agreement with a calibrated blood cell counter",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-04T12:20:43Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/eqb30a4dxp3mg",
  "venue": "PLOS One",
  "versions": []
}