{
  "abstract": "Urinary stone disease is a common urological condition with increasing incidence, particularly in developed countries. Laser lithotripsy (LL) has become a preferred minimally invasive treatment due to its high precision and low tissue damage. Recent studies suggest that cavitation plays a critical role in stone damage during LL, and three-dimensional passive cavitation mapping (3D-PCM) has emerged as a promising tool for detecting these events. However, clinical translation of 3D-PCM remains challenging due to limitations in imaging depth, field of view (FOV), and procedural compatibility. Here, we present a large-FOV dual-modality imaging system (3D-PCM and B-mode ultrasound) based on a large-aperture planar ultrasound array. Through array optimization and model-based reconstruction, our system achieves an expanded FOV of ~ 40 × 40 mm² at a clinically relevant imaging depth of ~ 110 mm, while maintaining high spatial resolution of ~ 0.6 mm laterally and ~ 0.4 mm axially. In vivo experiments in a porcine model demonstrate that the reconstructed cavitation distribution correlates well with stone damage. Our technology has the potential to provide real-time treatment feedback during LL without disrupting the standard workflow.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 14,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Chaorui Qiu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Daiwei Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "Haoming Huo"
    },
    {
      "name": "Arpit Mishra"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chenhang Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kaiping Yin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nanchao Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Junqin Chen"
    },
    {
      "name": "Rui Yao"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ezra J Margolin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Michael Lipkin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Pei Zhong"
    },
    {
      "name": "Xiaoyue Ni"
    },
    {
      "name": "Junjie Yao"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ev4sn1m77ymk0.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.21203/rs.3.rs-11022521/v1",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13742805/",
  "id": "ev4sn1m77ymk0",
  "issns": [
    "2693-5015"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11022521/v1",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2748|Kidney Stones and Urolithiasis Treatments"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221517881",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-11022521/latest.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13742805",
  "pmid": "42999518",
  "published": "2026-10-12",
  "publisher": "American Journal Experts",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ev4sn1m77ymk0.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-10T12:23:34Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13742805",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11022521/v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2748|Kidney Stones and Urolithiasis Treatments",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "3D Passive Cavitation Mapping (3D-PCM) with a Large-aperture Planar Array",
  "title_text": "3D Passive Cavitation Mapping (3D-PCM) with a Large-aperture Planar Array",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-10T12:23:34Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ev4sn1m77ymk0",
  "venue": "Research Square",
  "versions": []
}