{
  "abstract": "Background: Anxiety and depressive symptoms are common but often underrecognized in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), while evidence from resource-limited settings remains scarce. This study assessed their prevalence and correlates among patients with COPD attending a tertiary pulmonary clinic in Damascus, Syria.\n\nMethods: This cross-sectional, single-center convenience-sample study included 249 patients with COPD at Al-Mouwassat Hospital. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed using validated Arabic versions of the GAD-7 and PHQ-9. Clinically relevant symptoms were defined as GAD-7 ≥10 and PHQ-9 ≥10. Spirometric impairment was characterized using FEV1% predicted. The GAD-specific challenge burden score ranged from 0 to 4 and was modeled as a continuous predictor. Bivariate analyses were followed by multinomial logistic regression for GAD-7 severity and proportional-odds ordinal logistic regression for PHQ-9 severity, with sensitivity analyses using GOLD-based FEV1 categories and binary symptom thresholds.\n\nResults: Clinically relevant anxiety and depressive symptoms were present in 30.9% and 73.9% of participants, respectively. Each one-point increase in the GAD-specific challenge burden score was associated with mild anxiety (adjusted OR, 7.07; 95% CI, 3.36–14.89) and moderate-to-severe anxiety (adjusted OR, 26.95; 95% CI, 10.32–70.41). Older age and lower FEV1% predicted were additionally associated with moderate-to-severe anxiety. Greater depressive symptom severity was associated with lower FEV1% predicted, COPD duration ≥1 year, and difficulty performing daily tasks. Sensitivity analyses showed consistent findings.\n\nConclusion: Anxiety and depressive symptoms were common in this outpatient cohort. Both spirometric impairment and patient-reported symptom and functional burden were associated with psychological symptom severity, supporting multidimensional COPD assessment.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Faculty of Medicine, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic",
    "Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ibrahim Alkhatib",
      "orcid": "0009-0005-4707-7069"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Mohammad Alaa Aldakak",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-9600-6326"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Othman Alawad Almlhem"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Lama Alsaoub",
      "orcid": "0009-0003-8333-6430"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hussam Al-Bardan"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ewqd6yzx7zdsw.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.2147/copd.s637954",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13729760/",
  "id": "ewqd6yzx7zdsw",
  "issns": [
    "1176-9106",
    "1178-2005"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.2147/copd.s637954",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2740|Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7165613059",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.dovepress.com/article/download/121557",
  "pmcid": "PMC13729760",
  "pmid": "42979472",
  "published": "2026-10-30",
  "publisher": "Dove Press",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ewqd6yzx7zdsw.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-07T12:22:30Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13729760",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.2147/copd.s637954"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2740|Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms Among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Attending a Tertiary Pulmonary Clinic in Damascus, Syria: A Cross-Sectional Study of Spirometric and Patient-Reported Correlates",
  "title_text": "Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms Among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Attending a Tertiary Pulmonary Clinic in Damascus, Syria: A Cross-Sectional Study of Spirometric and Patient-Reported Correlates",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-07T12:22:30Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ewqd6yzx7zdsw",
  "venue": "International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease",
  "versions": []
}