{
  "abstract": "Motion perception involves both bottom-up sensory processing and top-down perceptual interpretation. Using magnetoencephalography frequency tagging and source-space multivariate pattern analysis, we decoded the perceived direction of both real and bistable apparent motion from cortical activity in 11 human participants (six males, five females). Real motion direction was decoded with near-ceiling accuracy across frequencies in both whole-brain and visual cortex analyses, whereas apparent motion direction was decoded just above chance from the visual cortex (56.0%, p = 0.011, Cohen's d = 0.94) when combining the 5 and 7.5 Hz harmonics. Activation patterns showed a larger relative hMT⁺ contribution for apparent than real motion, and cross-classification did not generalize direction information between conditions. These results identify a measurable cortical signature of subjective motion direction but also show that it is relatively diffuse and only weakly bound to the retinotopic cortex.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom.",
    "Department of Psychology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.",
    "York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.",
    "Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6229 EV, The Netherlands.",
    "Department of Psychology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom alex.wade@york.ac.uk."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Theodoros Karapanagiotidis"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Antony B Morland",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6754-5545"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Rainer Goebel"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Elia Formisano",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5008-2460"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Alex R Wade",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4871-2747"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ex62x47anp16h.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1523/eneuro.0191-26.2026",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13701505",
  "id": "ex62x47anp16h",
  "issns": [
    "2373-2822"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42850074",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "2805|Visual perception and processing mechanisms"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221045697",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13701505?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13701505",
  "pmid": "42850074",
  "published": "2026-10-08",
  "publisher": "Society for Neuroscience",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ex62x47anp16h.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:02Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42850074",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42850074"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:19:32Z",
      "native_id": "10.1523/eneuro.0191-26.2026",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.eneuro.org/lookup/doi/10.1523/ENEURO.0191-26.2026"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:2805|Visual perception and processing mechanisms",
      "subfield": "neuroscience"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Decoding the Direction of Bistable Illusory Motion from Source-Reconstructed MEG Signals.",
  "title_text": "Decoding the Direction of Bistable Illusory Motion from Source-Reconstructed MEG Signals.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:19:32Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ex62x47anp16h",
  "venue": "ENeuro",
  "versions": []
}