{
  "abstract": "Background: Previous research suggested that modifiable health factors such as physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep (i.e., 24-hour time-use behaviors) were potential intervention targets to improve antenatal depressive symptoms. However, most previous studies examine one behavior at a time, ignoring their co-dependence. The aim of this study was to examine the association between 24-hour time-use behaviors and depressive symptoms during early pregnancy. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis using baseline data from the Health and Behaviors in Transition (HABIT) trial. Pregnant participants with pre-pregnancy body mass index [≥]25 kg/m2 wore a wrist-worn ActiGraph for seven consecutive days to estimate moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), inactivity (IA), and sleep. We used compositional data analysis with an isometric log-ratio transformation to examine associations with depressive symptoms, quantified by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), adjusting for maternal age, socioeconomic status, and cohabitation status. G-computation was applied to estimate the marginal mean of depressive symptoms at specified durations of each behavior, with the remaining time reallocated proportionally among the other behaviors. Results: A total of 255 participants with median EPDS score of 5.0 (IQR, 2.0-8.0) had geometric mean 24-hour behaviors of MVPA = 75.5 min/day (5.2%), LPA = 311.2 min/day (21.6%), IA = 593.9 min/day (41.2%), and sleep = 459.4 min/day (31.9%). 24-hour time-use behaviors were not significantly associated with EPDS scores, and marginal mean EPDS scores showed minimal changes (MVPA 10 min: 6.51 (95% CI 4.22, 9.64) vs 40 min: 5.97 (95% CI 5.03, 6.97); sleep 300 min: 5.41 (95% CI 4.56, 6.22) vs 480 min: 5.81 (95% CI 5.23, 6.39)). Conclusions: In this relatively active pregnant population, 24-hour time-use behaviors were not associated with depressive symptoms. Future research can examine later trimesters or other populations that are more sedentary or more depressed.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "University of Pittsburgh"
  ],
  "article_type": "PUBLISHAHEADOFPRINT",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "T. Yoshimasu"
    },
    {
      "name": "N. Kim"
    },
    {
      "name": "J. Matuk"
    },
    {
      "name": "C. M. Personette"
    },
    {
      "name": "R. E. Garcia"
    },
    {
      "name": "M. D. Levine"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "M. S. Hawkins"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/eyc9789hpys5c.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.64898/2026.10.29.26366835",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.29.26366835v1.full",
  "id": "eyc9789hpys5c",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.29.26366835v1",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "medrxiv",
      "epidemiology"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2739|Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7225061953",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.29.26366835v1.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-29",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/eyc9789hpys5c.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-02T12:20:44Z",
      "native_id": "10.64898/2026.10.29.26366835",
      "source": "medrxiv",
      "url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.29.26366835v1"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "medrxiv:epidemiology",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
    }
  ],
  "title": "24-hour time-use behaviors and maternal depressive symptoms during early pregnancy: Compositional data analysis",
  "title_text": "24-hour time-use behaviors and maternal depressive symptoms during early pregnancy: Compositional data analysis",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-03T00:20:20Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/eyc9789hpys5c",
  "venue": "medRxiv",
  "versions": []
}