{
  "abstract": "Fluorescence-guided surgery requires tumor-imaging probes that provide reliable contrast while minimizing background interference. Herein, we developed a gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR)-targeted near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe, IR783-BBN, by covalently conjugating the bombesin peptide with the IR783 fluorophore. This molecular design was intended to combine the tumor-targeting potential of bombesin (BBN) with the NIR imaging capability of IR783. IR783-BBN was successfully synthesized and exhibited absorption and emission maxima at 801 and 820 nm, respectively. In vitro studies demonstrated that the probe cell viability remained above 82% under the tested conditions and was internalized by 4T1 breast cancer cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. In 4T1 tumor-bearing mice, IR783-BBN generated detectable tumor-associated fluorescence after systemic administration, with a tumor-to-muscle fluorescence ratio of 6.97 at 1 h post-injection (n = 3). Histological and fluorescence microscopic analyses of the excised tissues further supported the correspondence between fluorescence signals and tumor-containing specimens. Overall, these findings support the feasibility of IR783-BBN as a BBN-conjugated NIR fluorescent probe for tumor imaging and fluorescence-guided surgical navigation.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "The Comprehensive Breast Care Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University No. 157 Xiwu Road Xi'an Shaanxi 710004 China",
    "School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University No. 76 Yanta West Road Xi'an 710061 Shaanxi China",
    "Institute of Medical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University No. 76 Yanta West Road Xi'an 710061 Shaanxi China",
    "State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers (Fudan University) Shanghai 200438 China",
    "Analysis and Testing Center, Shenzhen Technology University Shenzhen Guangdong 518118 China"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Huihui Lu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Caiting Deng"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jiayao Zhao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Jingjing Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Anping Cao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Feifei An",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-7961-1709"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Nandi Chen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Yichao Chai"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/eyk1et5t0xbw9.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1039/d6ra06275j",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13721913/?tool=EBI",
  "id": "eyk1et5t0xbw9",
  "issns": [
    "2046-2069"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13721913",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Chemistry"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2204|Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7224816025",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13721913/pdf/?tool=EBI",
  "pmcid": "PMC13721913",
  "pmid": "42965098",
  "published": "2026-10-30",
  "publisher": "Royal Society of Chemistry",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/eyk1et5t0xbw9.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-31T12:21:36Z",
      "native_id": "PMC:PMC13721913",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13721913"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T12:22:31Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13721913",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1039/d6ra06275j"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "chemistry",
      "origin": "heading:Chemistry",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "A GRPR-targeted near-infrared fluorescent probe for precise tumor imaging and intraoperative surgical navigation",
  "title_text": "A GRPR-targeted near-infrared fluorescent probe for precise tumor imaging and intraoperative surgical navigation",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-03T12:22:31Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/eyk1et5t0xbw9",
  "venue": "RSC advances",
  "versions": []
}