{
  "abstract": "Objective: To assess whether human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (HUCMSCs) or HUCMSC-derived small extracellular vesicles (HUCMSC-sEVs) modify tissue responses to titanium-coated polypropylene mesh in the rat vaginal wall.\n\nMethods: Fifty-four ovariectomized female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly assigned to saline-control, HUCMSC-sEV, or HUCMSC groups (18 each). After mesh implantation, animals received one 0.3-mL local injection. Independent cohorts were assessed at 1, 4, and 12 weeks. Hematoxylin and eosin staining evaluated inflammatory cell infiltration, neovascularization, and fibrous encapsulation; picrosirius red staining assessed collagen composition and the COL I/COL III ratio; and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction measured inflammation- and matrix-remodeling-related genes. The animal was the experimental unit, and false discovery rate adjustment was applied to multiple comparisons.\n\nResults: At week 1, inflammatory cell infiltration was lower in the HUCMSC-sEV group than in the saline-control group, while interleukin-10, interleukin-12, and tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA expression was lower in both intervention groups. At week 4, both interventions reduced fibrous encapsulation and increased matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 mRNA expression. At week 12, the type I/type III collagen ratio was lower in both intervention groups, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 mRNA expression was higher in both intervention groups, and type III collagen gene expression was higher in the HUCMSC group.\n\nConclusion: HUCMSCs and HUCMSC-sEVs were associated with changes in early inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine-transcript expression, fibrous encapsulation, and later collagen- and matrix-related measures after mesh implantation. The partially overlapping response patterns observed between HUCMSC-sEVs and HUCMSCs support further investigation of HUCMSC-sEVs as a cell-free approach to modulating mesh-associated host responses.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China",
    "Cell Therapy Center, Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China",
    "National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, and Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China",
    "Department of Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Lishui University, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 6,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Fangfang Ai"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Chunbin Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Gang Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xi Wen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Zhiguo Chen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shijun Wang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/eypewdw9k6b6b.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fbioe.2026.1985008",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13731329/",
  "id": "eypewdw9k6b6b",
  "issns": [
    "2296-4185"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1985008",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Research"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2746|Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7223141354",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/bioengineering-and-biotechnology/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1985008/pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13731329",
  "pmid": "42984625",
  "published": "2026-10-21",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/eypewdw9k6b6b.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-08T12:21:33Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13731329",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2026.1985008"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2746|Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine",
      "subfield": "surgery"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells and their small extracellular vesicles modulate host responses to titanium-coated polypropylene mesh in the vaginal wall of rats",
  "title_text": "Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells and their small extracellular vesicles modulate host responses to titanium-coated polypropylene mesh in the vaginal wall of rats",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-08T12:21:33Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/eypewdw9k6b6b",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology",
  "versions": []
}