{
  "abstract": "Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) are among the most powerful drivers of space weather, yet their prediction remains elusive. A fundamental obstacle is the problem's multiscale nature: large-scale magnetohydrodynamic models do not resolve the turbulent fluctuations that govern particle transport and magnetic connectivity. We present a new model that combines a MICroscopic diffusion approach of turbulence with MACroscopic EUHFORIA simulations (MICMAC) to address the cross-scale challenge of space weather. By incorporating turbulence properties into such small-scale Monte Carlo simulations, we describe an extreme CME event, tracing both magnetic field lines and 100 MeV protons from the CME-driven shock to 1 AU. We find that turbulence dramatically broadens and distorts the magnetic connection between the CME nose and Earth, producing footpoint distributions that are highly non-Gaussian, anisotropic, and patchy. MICMAC suggests that the distribution's enstrophy (non-Gaussianity) grows as the CME approaches Earth, signaling anomalous diffusive behavior. A simple shear-layer toy model reproduces the observed in-plane anisotropy, suggesting that local current sheet geometry imprints a persistent memory on the turbulent field. Our results demonstrate that cross-scale coupling between the CME's large-scale structure and ambient turbulence must be accounted for in space weather models. We discuss implications for SEP forecasting and interpreting multi-spacecraft observations.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2608.29334",
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Alessandro Ippolito"
    },
    {
      "name": "Giuseppe Prete"
    },
    {
      "name": "Nicolas Wijsen"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gaetano Zimbardo"
    },
    {
      "name": "Anwesha Maharana"
    },
    {
      "name": "Stefaan Poedts"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sergio Servidio"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/f2rg2gnerwd9x.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2608.29334",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "f2rg2gnerwd9x",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.29334",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "astro-ph.SR"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3103|Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7204925740",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.29334",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-08-29",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/f2rg2gnerwd9x.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:17:41Z",
      "native_id": "2608.29334",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.29334"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "arxiv:astro-ph.SR",
      "subfield": "stellar"
    }
  ],
  "title": "On the Effect of Large Scale Structures and Turbulence on Solar Eruptive Events: The Cross-Scale Challenge for Space Weather",
  "title_text": "On the Effect of Large Scale Structures and Turbulence on Solar Eruptive Events: The Cross-Scale Challenge for Space Weather",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:17:41Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/f2rg2gnerwd9x",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}