{
  "abstract": "Under damaged, gas-leakage, or secondary-explosion conditions, the water in liquid-containing structures, such as liquid cabins and oil tanks, may change from a liquid phase to a gas–liquid two-phase environment with dispersed microbubbles. This change can affect underwater explosion bubble evolution and bottom load transmission. To reveal the influence of an open aerated background on explosion-bubble dynamics and structural response, a transparent cylindrical water-tank experimental system was established. A 400 V high-voltage spark discharge was used to simulate the underwater explosion process. The water depth was fixed at H = 175 mm, with five relative aeration levels from non-aerated to maximum. Experiments and numerical simulations were combined to analyze bubble evolution and bottom dynamic response under different aeration levels. Results show that the maximum equivalent radius varies non-monotonically with aeration level, while the overall variation remains limited. However, it weakens the integrity of the main bubble in later cycles. The later-stage bubble evolution becomes dominated by local residual structures earlier. The maximum equivalent radius varies non-monotonically with aeration level, but the overall fluctuation is limited, from 18.65 to 21.30 mm. The bottom load response also shows non-monotonic characteristics. Under the moderate aeration condition (0.50Q max), the positive pressure peak reaches the maximum of 0.049 MPa. Higher and maximum aeration levels reduce the load transmission efficiency to the bottom plate. These results show that background aeration is associated with coupled, non-monotonic changes in bubble pulsation, local pressure response, and bottom-plate vibration in the finite open domain. The findings can provide a reference for blast safety assessment of liquid-containing structures under leakage or aeration conditions.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Naval Architecture & Ocean Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology",
    "The College of Weaponry Engineering, Naval University of Engineering",
    "China Merchants Shipbuilding Industry Group CO., LTD",
    "College of Shipbuilding Engineering, Harbin Engineering University"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 5,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Aijia Ding"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Lijia Yang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Zhiqiang Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Jiancheng Liu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Yangfan Liu"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/f3b8ccxnh3p17.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-63547-3",
  "fulltext_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-63547-3",
  "id": "f3b8ccxnh3p17",
  "issns": [
    "2045-2322"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-63547-3",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "Q"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "R"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2205|Structural Response to Dynamic Loads"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7170169062",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-63547-3_reference.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-07-01",
  "publisher": "Nature Portfolio",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/f3b8ccxnh3p17.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:45:57Z",
      "native_id": "42eed964a6174b61afcd56c6c85a1b76",
      "source": "doaj",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-63547-3"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "lcc:R",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Study on underwater explosion bubble dynamics in a finite open domain",
  "title_text": "Study on underwater explosion bubble dynamics in a finite open domain",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:45:57Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/f3b8ccxnh3p17",
  "venue": "Scientific Reports",
  "versions": []
}