{
  "abstract": "Arabinoxylan-rich agricultural residues are promising feedstocks for the production of high-value functional sugars and ferulic acid, yet their efficient enzymatic conversion is hindered by the complex crosslinked structures. This study aimed to isolate a novel feruloyl esterase-producing strain from Baijiu distiller's grains and evaluate its enzyme cocktail for arabinoxylan degradation. A novel strain, Bacillus altitudinis ZH-1, was isolated and systematically characterized. Through one-factor-at-a-time optimization of both the medium and cultivation conditions, the feruloyl esterase activity was substantially increased (15.78-fold) compared with the activity obtained in the unoptimized Luria-Bertani (LB) medium. Genomic analysis revealed 103 unique carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme)-encoding genes, including endoxylanases, α-L-arabinofuranosidases, and three putative feruloyl esterases. Studies on enzymatic properties revealed that the extracellular enzyme cocktail exhibited a hemicellulase-dominated profile and no detectable β-xylosidase activity under the assay conditions, with the three key enzymes showing over 76% of their maximum activity at pH 6.0 and 50 °C. In the degradation of insoluble wheat arabinoxylan, the enzyme cocktail released L-arabinose (69.00 mg/g substrate) and a xylooligosaccharides-equivalent fraction (244.00 mg/g substrate), which together accounted for 99.57% of total reducing sugars, along with ferulic acid (1.23 mg/g substrate). When applied to de-starched wheat bran, the enzyme cocktail achieved reducing sugar yields comparable to the commercial enzyme CTec2, while producing significantly higher levels of L-arabinose and xylooligosaccharides. These findings highlight the ZH-1 enzyme cocktail as an arabinoxylan-targeting biocatalyst with no detectable β-xylosidase activity under the assay conditions, showing promising potential for producing high-value functional sugars and ferulic acid from agricultural residues.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "College of Life Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China.",
    "College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 9,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Ruonan Wang",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-1034-0671"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Yi Yang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mengyang Huang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiaoge Li"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xinying Wu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zihan Zhu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jing Yang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Kongyang Wu"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zitai Sang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/f5485r5j9f9z9.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3390/foods15203642",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13704613",
  "id": "f5485r5j9f9z9",
  "issns": [
    "2304-8158"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42940279",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "openalex",
      "1305|Enzyme Production and Characterization"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7221794863",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13704613?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13704613",
  "pmid": "42940279",
  "published": "2026-10-14",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/f5485r5j9f9z9.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:12Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42940279",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42940279"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:1305|Enzyme Production and Characterization",
      "subfield": "systems-synthetic"
    }
  ],
  "title": "A Novel Feruloyl Esterase-Producing Strain ZH-1 Belonging to Bacillus altitudinis from Baijiu Distiller's Grains and Its Enzyme Cocktail with No Detectable β-Xylosidase Activity for Producing Functional Sugars from Arabinoxylan-Type Substrates.",
  "title_text": "A Novel Feruloyl Esterase-Producing Strain ZH-1 Belonging to Bacillus altitudinis from Baijiu Distiller's Grains and Its Enzyme Cocktail with No Detectable β-Xylosidase Activity for Producing Functional Sugars from Arabinoxylan-Type Substrates.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:12Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/f5485r5j9f9z9",
  "venue": "Foods (Basel, Switzerland)",
  "versions": []
}