{
  "abstract": "Product-formula Hamiltonian simulation is naturally suited to near-term quantum processors, but its accuracy is set by two competing errors: finite-step Trotter bias and physical hardware noise. We introduce a joint extrapolation strategy that ties the tunable per-layer noise strength to the Trotter step size, $λ(s)=c(sT)^{p+1}$ for a $p$-th order product formula. Along this one-dimensional path, the leading physical-noise and Trotter corrections over the full evolution both enter at order $s^p$ and can be canceled by a single Richardson extrapolation. Building on a previously established finite-order Baker--Campbell--Hausdorff truncation bound, we derive a provably commutator-scaling resource guarantee for the joint extrapolation. For local Hamiltonians with local Lindbladian noise, the protocol mitigates physical noise together with Trotter error with only a constant asymptotic overhead relative to noiseless Trotter extrapolation, provided the required noise strengths lie above the intrinsic device-noise floor. We experimentally demonstrate the protocol for Ising dynamics on a superconducting quantum computer using learned noise amplification. Complementary 100-qubit Sparse Pauli Dynamics (SPD) simulations achieve comparable accuracy to two-dimensional Richardson extrapolation with fewer circuit settings.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.11508",
  "author_total": 7,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Shuo Zhou"
    },
    {
      "name": "Xinzhao Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ruiqi Zhang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Xiaoyang Wang"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yi-Cong Zheng"
    },
    {
      "name": "Tongang Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "Shengyu Zhang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/f6y31crrys42n.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.11508",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "f6y31crrys42n",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.11508",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1702|Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7212221849",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.11508",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-10",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/f6y31crrys42n.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:20:26Z",
      "native_id": "2609.11508",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.11508"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:quant-ph",
      "subfield": "quantum"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Joint Mitigation of Algorithmic and Physical Errors in Noisy Hamiltonian Simulation",
  "title_text": "Joint Mitigation of Algorithmic and Physical Errors in Noisy Hamiltonian Simulation",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:20:26Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/f6y31crrys42n",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}