{
  "abstract": "This study aimed to evaluate the effects of pre-treated anchovy waste (PAW) inclusion as an alternative protein source on quail’s growth performance, meat quality, blood chemistry profile, and Ileum histology. The anchovy waste was pre-treated by solid-liquid extraction to reduce the salt content. The control feed contains fishmeal (FM) and 0% PAW, while the treatment groups each include different PAW levels. For the starter and grower stage, the ration for control contains 10% FM, while T1, T2, and T3 contain 10%, 15%, and 20% PAW, respectively. The control ration contains 5% FM in the finisher stage, while T1, T2, and T3 have 5%, 10%, and 15% PAW, respectively. The feeding trial was conducted for 6 weeks using 60 quails. The results showed that solid-liquid extraction efficiently reduces the salt content in anchovy waste from 30.22 ± 0.17% to 8.97 ± 0.25%. The growth performance in terms of average daily feed intake, average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, weight gain and body weight was significantly (P < 0.05) influenced by different treatments in certain week (s). Morphological indices of quails also demonstrated significant alterations (P < 0.05) during some specific weeks. The quail’s meat from T3 group gives a better meat chemical composition, with the highest crude protein content at 25.59 ± 0.09%. Regarding meat physicochemical properties, no significant differences were observed among the dietary groups, except the water holding capacity (WHC), where the control group had the highest value at 87.63 ± 0.74%. Haematological indices like white blood cell, lymphocytes, monocytes, haematocrit, and mean corpuscular volume were significantly affected (P < 0.05) by different PAW levels. In terms of ileum histology, the T3 diet gave superior results, showing significantly increased (P < 0.05) villus length (131.34 ± 0.54 μm) and mucosa thickness (13.10 ± 0.79 μm). To conclude, Japanese quail consumed T3 diet, 20% PAW in starter/grower ration and 15% PAW in finisher ration, demonstrated better growth, meat quality, and health status.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan",
    "Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University",
    "Animal Science Division, Department of Modern Agriculture, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science",
    "Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University",
    "Department of Aquaculture, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU)",
    "Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University",
    "Department of Medical Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 13,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Cheng Jie Min"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Mohamed Tharwat"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Aftab Shaukat"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Shishir Kumar Nandi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Mahima Ranjan Acharjee"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Zulhisyam Abdul Kari"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Muhammad Anamul Kabir"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Mohammad Rohaimi Abdul Aziz"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hasnita Che Harun"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Nor Dini Rusli"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Hien Van Doan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        6
      ],
      "name": "Fahad A. Alshanbari"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Khairiyah Mat"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/f891rmrr53cbv.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1038/s41598-026-63107-9",
  "fulltext_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-63107-9",
  "id": "f891rmrr53cbv",
  "issns": [
    "2045-2322"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-63107-9",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "lcc",
      "Q"
    ],
    [
      "lcc",
      "R"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "1103|Animal Nutrition and Physiology"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7169864146",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-63107-9_reference.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-07-01",
  "publisher": "Nature Portfolio",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/f891rmrr53cbv.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T13:45:45Z",
      "native_id": "74d16b18606b4ca58e4ec368614751bc",
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      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-63107-9"
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "openalex:1103|Animal Nutrition and Physiology",
      "subfield": "zoology-behaviour"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Effects of dietary pretreated anchovy waste on growth performance, meat composition, haematology and gut histology in quail",
  "title_text": "Effects of dietary pretreated anchovy waste on growth performance, meat composition, haematology and gut histology in quail",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T13:45:45Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/f891rmrr53cbv",
  "venue": "Scientific Reports",
  "versions": []
}