{
  "abstract": "PurposeTo externally evaluate the unitless optical coherence tomography-derived AI-CO index for association with Humphrey mean deviation (MD) and discrimination of MD-defined visual field severity.\n\nMethodsThis retrospective study included 819 eyes of 424 patients receiving glaucoma care, with AI-CO analysis and Humphrey 24-2 SITA Faster or 30-2 SITA Fast testing within 365 days. The unitless output labeled \"peripheral\" was termed AI-CO all. Primary analyses assessed Spearman rank correlation and discrimination at MD thresholds of -2, -6, and -12 dB. Additional analyses assessed adjusted associations and one-eye-per-patient and program-specific robustness. Exploratory analyses assessed nonlinearity and cutoffs with patient-level cross-validation.\n\nResultsAI-CO all correlated with Humphrey MD (Spearman {rho}=0.785; patient-cluster 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.750-0.818). Median AI-CO all values decreased from -2.10 in the normal range to -4.40, -10.15, and -17.35 in mild, moderate, and severe categories, respectively (ordered trend P<0.001). Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.870 (95% CI, 0.842-0.895), 0.919 (0.894-0.939), and 0.943 (0.920-0.963) at the three thresholds. The adjusted spline detected modest nonlinearity with little gain in explained variance over a linear model (R2, 0.735 to 0.738). Associations remained after covariate adjustment, and findings were similar in the one-eye-per-patient analysis and across visual field programs.\n\nConclusionsAI-CO all showed a rank correlation with Humphrey MD and differentiated eyes across specified MD thresholds. It should be interpreted as a severity-related index that complements, rather than replaces, measured perimetry. Exploratory AI-CO all cutoffs require independent validation.\n\nTranslational RelevanceIn routine glaucoma care, AI-CO all showed a rank correlation with Humphrey MD and discriminated MD-defined severity.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Kora Eye Clinic"
  ],
  "article_type": "PUBLISHAHEADOFPRINT",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 3,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Y. KORA"
    },
    {
      "name": "H. Kora"
    },
    {
      "name": "T. Kora"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fbh77s02a8xjq.bib",
  "cited_by": 1,
  "doi": "10.64898/2026.09.08.26362248",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.08.26362248v1.full",
  "id": "fbh77s02a8xjq",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.08.26362248v1",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC-ND",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "medrxiv",
      "ophthalmology"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2731|Glaucoma and retinal disorders"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7212391838",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.08.26362248v1.full.pdf",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-08",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fbh77s02a8xjq.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:25Z",
      "native_id": "10.64898/2026.09.08.26362248",
      "source": "medrxiv",
      "url": "https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.08.26362248v2"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "medrxiv:ophthalmology",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Real-World External Evaluation of an OCT Image Analysis System (AI-CO) in Relation to Humphrey Visual Field Mean Deviation",
  "title_text": "Real-World External Evaluation of an OCT Image Analysis System (AI-CO) in Relation to Humphrey Visual Field Mean Deviation",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:18:39Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fbh77s02a8xjq",
  "venue": "medRxiv",
  "versions": []
}