{
  "abstract": "We derive a thermodynamic uncertainty relation for work in an open quantum system driven by a time-dependent protocol and subject to repeated projective energy measurements. The protocol is represented by a sequence of protocol quenches separated by finite-time Lindblad evolution, so that work is accumulated at the quenches while dissipation occurs between them. The resulting work statistics obey the Gallavotti-Cohen symmetry to give rise to the Crooks and Jarzynski fluctuation relations. By perturbing the dissipative dynamics and combining the Cramér--Rao inequality with the quantum Fisher information, we obtain $\\mathrm{Var}\\,W/[τ\\partial_τ\\langle W\\rangle]^2\\ge 1/F\\ge\\max(1/A,2/E)$, where $\\langle W\\rangle$ is the work expectation value, $\\mathrm{Var}\\,W$ is the variance of work, $F$ is the Fisher information, $A$ is the dynamical activity, $E$ is the dimensionless entropy production, and $τ$ is the switching time interval between quenches. The two thermodynamic bounds follow from two independent perturbations that generate the same response of the work statistics. We illustrate the relation for a dissipative two-level system under square-wave and sinusoidal driving and show that the tighter thermodynamic bound can depend on the driving protocol and switching time scale.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.17032",
  "author_total": 1,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Chulan Kwon"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fc8vj6n8aaadh.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.17032",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "fc8vj6n8aaadh",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.17032",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "quant-ph"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3109|Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7213404852",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.17032",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-16",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fc8vj6n8aaadh.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:22:01Z",
      "native_id": "2609.17032",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.17032"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:quant-ph",
      "subfield": "quantum"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Thermodynamic Uncertainty of Work in Time-Dependently Driven Open Quantum Systems",
  "title_text": "Thermodynamic Uncertainty of Work in Time-Dependently Driven Open Quantum Systems",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:22:01Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fc8vj6n8aaadh",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}