{
  "abstract": "Context. Most stars form in massive stellar clusters, where intense far-ultraviolet (FUV) radiation from OB stars can accelerate the dispersal of protoplanetary disks through external photoevaporation. Quantifying the impact of this process on disk evolution remains challenging, particularly in distant and crowded star-forming regions.\n\nAims. We investigate the low-mass stellar population in the highly irradiated center of Trumpler 14 and examine how the local FUV radiation field influences circumstellar disk evolution.\n\nMethods. We extracted stellar spectra from VLT/MUSE observations using an enhanced background-optimized extraction method, carefully corrected for instrumental response as a function of wavelength and finally derived the stellar parameters with the SAPSAL deep-learning framework. We combined these results with a probabilistic estimate of the local FUV field and near-infrared photometry to identify disk-bearing stars.\n\nResults. We identify 310 bona fide cluster members with an age of 0.66 +0.73 −0.35 Myr and local radiation fields spanning log(FUV)≃4.2 − 6.0 G ₀ .\n\nConclusions. The fraction of stars exhibiting near-infrared excess decreases from 30% at the lowest FUV fluxes to under 5% at log(FUV)≳5.6 G ₀ , while no significant correlation is found between our simplified estimate of the optical veiling and the local FUV field. The pronounced decline in the disk fraction with ambient FUV flux provides strong evidence for external photoevaporation rapidly dispersing circumstellar disks in the core of Trumpler 14. Our results confirm previous disk dispersal estimates and extend to higher values of the FUV field strength.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia (DIFA)",
    "INAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio",
    "European Southern Observatory",
    "Universitäts-Sternwarte, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität",
    "Steward Observatory, The University of Arizona",
    "School of Physics, Trinity College Dublin",
    "INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste",
    "Universität Heidelberg, Zentrum für Astronomie, Institut für Theoretische Astrophysik",
    "Universität Heidelberg, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen",
    "Dipartamento di Fisica e Chimica – Emilio Segrè, Università degli Studi di Palermo",
    "INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo “Giuseppe Salvatore Vaiana”",
    "Department of Physics, Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Durham University",
    "Department of Physics, Institute for Computational Cosmology, Durham University",
    "INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri",
    "Departamento de Fisica aplicada III, ETSI Universidad de Sevilla, Camino de los Descubrimientos"
  ],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 14,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "K. Gkimisi",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3267-8612"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "D. E. Kang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9801-347X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2,
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "D. Itrich",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9051-1781"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "R. Anania",
      "orcid": "0009-0004-8091-5055"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        6
      ],
      "name": "E. Fiorellino",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5261-6216"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "S. Gavino",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-5782-915X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7,
        8
      ],
      "name": "R. S. Klessen",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0560-3172"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        7
      ],
      "name": "V. F. Ksoll",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0294-799X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        9,
        10
      ],
      "name": "G. Milazzo",
      "orcid": "0009-0007-5445-5560"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        11,
        12
      ],
      "name": "A. F. McLeod",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-5456-523X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "T. Preibisch",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-3130-7796"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        13
      ],
      "name": "V. Roccatagliata",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4650-594X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        13
      ],
      "name": "L. Testi",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1859-3070"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        14
      ],
      "name": "C. Toci",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-6958-4986"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fe64wpr3jpepe.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1051/0004-6361/202662479",
  "fulltext_url": "https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2026/10/aa62479-26/aa62479-26.html",
  "id": "fe64wpr3jpepe",
  "issns": [
    "0004-6361",
    "1432-0746"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.aanda.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202662479",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
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      "lcc",
      "QB1-991"
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    [
      "openalex",
      "3103|Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies"
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  "openalex": "W7214334488",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-10-26",
  "publisher": "EDP Sciences",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fe64wpr3jpepe.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:18:18Z",
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "astronomy",
      "origin": "openalex:3103|Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies",
      "subfield": "stellar"
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  ],
  "title": "External photoevaporation in the center of Tr14",
  "title_text": "External photoevaporation in the center of Tr14",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-31T14:21:55Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fe64wpr3jpepe",
  "venue": "Astronomy & Astrophysics",
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