{
  "abstract": "Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 5 (TRAF5) is an adaptor protein that mediates signaling downstream of multiple immunoregulatory receptors, including members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. Although TRAF5 has been implicated in B-cell activation during T-cell-dependent humoral immune responses, its role in B-cell responses to a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL; TNFSF13) and T-cell-independent type 2 (TI-2) antibody responses remains poorly defined. Here, we show that Traf5 deficiency impairs antigen-specific IgG3 production during TI-2 immune responses and reduces fecal IgA levels. Traf5-deficient mice exhibited markedly reduced IgG3 responses to the TI-2 antigen 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl-conjugated Ficoll, whereas antigen-specific IgM production was preserved. In addition, Traf5 deficiency resulted in significantly decreased fecal IgA levels and reduced density of IgA+ cells in the colonic lamina propria, whereas the frequencies of IgA+ B cells in Peyer’s patches and the small intestine remained largely unchanged. T-cell and B-cell development was comparable between wild-type and Traf5-deficient mice. Although the expression of the APRIL receptor transmembrane activator and CAML interactor (TACI; TNFRSF13B) on splenic B cells was comparable between wild-type and Traf5-deficient mice, APRIL-induced expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID; encoded by Aicda) and IgA production in vitro were selectively impaired in Traf5-deficient splenic B cells, without affecting B-cell survival. Collectively, these findings indicate that TRAF5 contributes to optimal TI-2 immune responses and is associated with mucosal IgA production. The impaired APRIL-induced Aicda expression and IgA production observed in Traf5-deficient splenic B cells suggest that TRAF5 contributes to T-cell-independent humoral immunity.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": "Original Research",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 11,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Mari Hikosaka-Kuniishi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Ren Sunakawa"
    },
    {
      "name": "Soichiro Kobayashi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Fumiya Nakajima"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yuta Tsutsui"
    },
    {
      "name": "Kota Makara"
    },
    {
      "name": "Sayaka Ogawara"
    },
    {
      "name": "Chieri Iwata"
    },
    {
      "name": "Momoe Itsumi"
    },
    {
      "name": "Masashi Morita"
    },
    {
      "name": "Takanori So"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ffsmq9jb27dm1.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1875186",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "ffsmq9jb27dm1",
  "issns": [
    "1664-3224"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1875186",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "feed-journal",
      "biology/immunology"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-03",
  "publisher": "Frontiers Media SA",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ffsmq9jb27dm1.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T06:20:16Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1875186",
      "source": "feed-frontiers",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1875186"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T12:21:20Z",
      "native_id": "10.3389/fimmu.2026.1875186",
      "source": "crossref",
      "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1875186/full"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "feed-journal:biology/immunology",
      "subfield": "immunology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Impaired T cell-Independent antibody responses and mucosal IgA production in Traf5-deficient mice",
  "title_text": "Impaired T cell-Independent antibody responses and mucosal IgA production in Traf5-deficient mice",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-05T00:21:02Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ffsmq9jb27dm1",
  "venue": "Frontiers in Immunology",
  "versions": []
}