{
  "abstract": "Aim: Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder associated with long‐term adverse outcomes, yet diagnosis often occurs years after symptoms first emerge. Because ADHD involves impairments across multiple developmental domains, early deviations in language, cognition, motor development and behavioural regulation may indicate later risk before core ADHD symptoms can be reliably assessed. However, previous studies have often relied on questionnaires or registry data rather than objective early‐life assessments combined with later clinical ADHD diagnosis and genetic risk.\n\nMethods: We studied 590 children from the prospective COPSAC2010 birth cohort to examine associations between neurodevelopmental measures from birth to age 3 and clinical ADHD diagnosis and trait manifestations at age 10. Associations were analysed using adjusted logistic and linear regression models, and ADHD polygenic risk scores were examined in relation to early neurodevelopment and later ADHD outcomes.\n\nResults: ADHD at age 10 was associated with lower word production (OR 0.69 [0.48; 0.95] 0.028), shorter sentence length (OR 0.71 [0.56; 0.88] 0.003), reduced cognitive functioning (OR 0.96 [0.93; 0.99] 0.025) and more behavioural/emotional problems (OR 1.05 [1.00; 1.09] 0.034) in early life.\n\nConclusion: Early language, cognitive and behavioural/emotional difficulties may serve as indicators of later ADHD and support earlier identification of vulnerable children.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood (COPSAC) Copenhagen University Hospital—Herlev and Gentofte Copenhagen Denmark",
    "Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), and Centre for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Center Glostrup Copenhagen University Hospital—Amager and Hvidovre Copenhagen Denmark",
    "Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center Copenhagen University Hospital—Mental Health Services CPH Copenhagen Denmark",
    "Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Copenhagen University Hospital—Herlev and Gentofte Herlev Denmark",
    "Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 13,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Camilla Grube",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0852-4496"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "María Hernández‐Lorca",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0923-7173"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1
      ],
      "name": "Julie Rosenberg"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Kristina Aagaard"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Michael Widdowson",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-9715-568X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Tingting Wang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-9100-3447"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Nilo Vahman",
      "orcid": "0009-0005-3604-2602"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hanne Lunn Nissen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Klaus Bønnelykke",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2003-1018"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        3
      ],
      "name": "Bjørn H. Ebdrup",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-2590-5055"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Bo Chawes"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Rebecca K. Vinding",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7680-3040"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fh9trpxq65d3f.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1111/apa.70696",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13747692/",
  "id": "fh9trpxq65d3f",
  "issns": [
    "0803-5253",
    "1651-2227"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.70696",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2738|Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7169782328",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13747692",
  "pmid": "42473716",
  "published": "2026-07-20",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fh9trpxq65d3f.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-12T12:23:42Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13747692",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.70696"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2738|Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder",
      "subfield": "psychiatry"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Early Life Neurodevelopmental Indicators of Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder at Age 10: A Prospective Cohort Study",
  "title_text": "Early Life Neurodevelopmental Indicators of Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder at Age 10: A Prospective Cohort Study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-12T12:23:42Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fh9trpxq65d3f",
  "venue": "Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)",
  "versions": []
}