{
  "abstract": "Dynamics of messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNAs) and the complexes with associated proteins (RNPs), also known as RNA granules, provide post-transcriptional control of gene expression. This regulation is crucial for cell-type diversity and activity-dependent plasticity of the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). However, elucidating the physiological significance of RNA granules has been hampered by technical difficulties to probe them in live brain. Here, we describe a novel method to visualize RNA granules in native CNS tissues of mouse. To amplify the fluorescence signal from single mRNAs incorporating MS2 stem loops, MS2 capsid protein (MCP) was conjugated with 4 tandem superfolder green fluorescent proteins (sfGFPs). Using MCP-4 × sfGFP, significantly more RNPs could be detected in the fresh acute brain slices than with MCP-GFP. Amplified MS2 signal could visualize Actb mRNAs in specific cells, either driven by promoter or via Cre-dependent expression, revealing remarkably distinct localization and movements of RNPs across different CNS cell types, including neurons and glial cells. The highly sensitive live-tissue RNA imaging could be useful for investigating the regulation of the dynamics of RNA granules in the native niche, ultimately in naive and diseased animal models.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "School of Optometry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indianapolis, United States of America"
  ],
  "article_type": "Research Article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Hyungsik Lim"
    },
    {
      "name": "Grace P. Cooper"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fht6sxv8pzm03.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0361966",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "fht6sxv8pzm03",
  "issns": [
    "1932-6203"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0361966",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "journal",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Anatomy/Brain/Hippocampus"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Anatomy/Nervous system/Central nervous system"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Biochemistry/Nucleic acids/RNA/Messenger RNA"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Biochemistry/Proteins/Ribonucleoproteins"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Cell biology/Cellular types/Animal cells/Glial cells/Macroglial cells/Astrocytes"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Cell biology/Cellular types/Animal cells/Neurons"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Cellular neuroscience/Neurons"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Cognitive science/Cognitive psychology/Perception/Sensory perception/Vision"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Neuroscience/Sensory perception/Vision"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Biology and life sciences/Psychology/Cognitive psychology/Perception/Sensory perception/Vision"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Engineering and technology/Signal processing/Signal amplification"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Anatomy/Brain/Hippocampus"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Medicine and health sciences/Anatomy/Nervous system/Central nervous system"
    ],
    [
      "plos",
      "/Social sciences/Psychology/Cognitive psychology/Perception/Sensory perception/Vision"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-11-05",
  "publisher": "Public Library of Science",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fht6sxv8pzm03.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-06T12:20:42Z",
      "native_id": "10.1371/journal.pone.0361966",
      "source": "plos",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0361966"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "plos:cell biology",
      "subfield": "cell-biology"
    },
    {
      "field": "biology",
      "origin": "plos:neuroscience",
      "subfield": "neuroscience"
    },
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "plos:anatomy",
      "subfield": "physiology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Amplified MS2 labeling reveals heterogeneous dynamics of RNA granules in the live murine brain ex vivo",
  "title_text": "Amplified MS2 labeling reveals heterogeneous dynamics of RNA granules in the live murine brain ex vivo",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-07T12:20:24Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fht6sxv8pzm03",
  "venue": "PLOS One",
  "versions": []
}