{
  "abstract": "Background and Objectives:: Staphylococcus aureus poses clinical challenges through its virulence and antibiotic resistance, including SCCmec-mediated methicillin resistance. Integrated data on virulence profiling, molecular typing, and resistance are limited in Southwest Iran. We characterized virulence genes, SCCmec types, integrons, and antimicrobial resistance in S. aureus from diverse clinical sources in Yasuj, Iran.\n\nMaterials and Methods:: We analyzed 214 S. aureus isolates recovered from tonsil, wound, sinus, and blood specimens (2020–2023). Species confirmation was by nuc PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing followed CLSI disk diffusion guidelines; MRSA was confirmed by mecA PCR. PCR assays detected hemolysin genes (hla, hlb, hld), toxin genes (tst, pvl, eta, etb, etd), MSCRAMM genes (sdrC, sdrD, sdrE), sak, integrase genes (intI, intII), and SCCmec types I, III, and IVa.\n\nResults:: Isolates were from tonsils (59.8%), wounds (29.9%), sinusitis (6.1%), and blood (4.2%). MRSA prevalence was 29.0%. Highest resistance was to penicillin (98.6%), erythromycin (59.3%), and tetracycline (54.7%), with MDR in 32.7%. Prevalent virulence genes were hld (87.9%), hla (68.2%), sak (60.3%), sdrC (44.4%), eta (37.9%), sdrD (36.9%), tst (32.2%), sdrE (29.0%), etd (18.2%), and pvl (3.7%). Among 104 MDR/MRSA isolates, intI and intII were found in 14.4% and 10.6%. SCCmec type III dominated (80.5%), followed by I (14.5%) and IVa (5.0%); types I and III were significantly linked to MDR (P < 0.05). Four isolates co-harbored pvl, tst, and hla.\n\nConclusion:: Considerable virulence gene carriage and SCCmec type III dominance were observed. Gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, and clindamycin remain effective. Coexistence of life-threatening toxin genes and high resistance rates necessitates enhanced infection control.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Department of Medical Microbiology, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran",
    "Student Research Committee, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran",
    "Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran",
    "Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran",
    "Student Research Committee, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Sahar Milani"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Hadi Ebrahimi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Seyed Sajjad Khoramrooz"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3
      ],
      "name": "Leila Manzuri"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Marjan Salahi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Seyed Abdolmajid Khosravani"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        4
      ],
      "name": "Kasra Sharifi"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        2
      ],
      "name": "Asghar Sharifi"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fkzwkhrxkcjk8.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.18502/ijm.v18i5.22864",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13738266/",
  "id": "fkzwkhrxkcjk8",
  "issns": [
    "2008-3289",
    "2008-4447"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v18i5.22864",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-NC-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY-NC 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Original Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2725|Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7219584038",
  "pdf_url": null,
  "pmcid": "PMC13738266",
  "pmid": "42992214",
  "published": "2026-11-06",
  "publisher": "Tehran University of Medical Sciences",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fkzwkhrxkcjk8.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-09T12:23:17Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13738266",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v18i5.22864"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2725|Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus",
      "subfield": "infectious-disease"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Virulence gene profiles, SCCmec types, integrons, and antimicrobial resistance of clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Yasuj, southwest Iran",
  "title_text": "Virulence gene profiles, SCCmec types, integrons, and antimicrobial resistance of clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Yasuj, southwest Iran",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T12:23:17Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fkzwkhrxkcjk8",
  "venue": "Iranian Journal of Microbiology",
  "versions": []
}