{
  "abstract": "Seven Hamamatsu R8520-506 photomultiplier tubes were characterized at room temperature and in liquid argon to evaluate their response and operating stability for liquid-argon light readout. A 405~nm pulsed light source was used to measure gain, peak-to-valley ratio, single-photoelectron charge resolution, and afterpulsing, while dark-count data were acquired with random triggers in the absence of active illumination. Gain and dark-count stability were monitored during a ten-day operating period in liquid argon. At a motherboard input voltage of 900~V, the extracted gains in liquid argon were approximately 27.8\\%--51.3\\% higher than the corresponding room-temperature values. For all seven tubes, the peak-to-valley ratios were higher and the single-photoelectron charge resolution improved in liquid argon. The dark count rates ranged from approximately 143 to 252~Hz at room temperature and from 166 to 199~Hz in liquid argon, with three tubes showing increases and four showing decreases. The mean number of detected afterpulses per selected primary event was approximately 21.0\\%--63.6\\% lower in liquid argon. The relative standard deviations across the ten daily means of gain and dark count rate did not exceed approximately 2.1\\% and 3.3\\%, respectively. The measurements provide a quantitative basis for considering R8520-506 tubes as photosensor candidates for liquid-argon detectors.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2609.27718",
  "author_total": 4,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Jilong Yin"
    },
    {
      "name": "Gaoshuang Li"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yike Shu"
    },
    {
      "name": "Yi Wang"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fq3v13rqm85z3.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2609.27718",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "fq3v13rqm85z3",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.27718",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "LicenseRef-arXiv-nonexclusive-1.0",
  "licence_label": "arXiv licence",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "physics.ins-det"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "3106|Particle Detector Development and Performance"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7214185277",
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.27718",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-23",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fq3v13rqm85z3.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:23:56Z",
      "native_id": "2609.27718",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.27718"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "physics",
      "origin": "arxiv:physics.ins-det",
      "subfield": "applied-instrumentation"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Cryogenic performance and long-term stability of Hamamatsu R8520-506 photomultiplier tubes in liquid argon",
  "title_text": "Cryogenic performance and long-term stability of Hamamatsu R8520-506 photomultiplier tubes in liquid argon",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:23:56Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fq3v13rqm85z3",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}