{
  "abstract": "Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating neurological disorder with high mortality and disability, where neuroinflammation-driven secondary brain injury is a key pathological hallmark. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) serve as critical pathogenic mediators that amplify neuroinflammation, disrupt blood-brain barrier integrity, and exacerbate brain damage after ICH. This study identifies Efoba, a novel bioactive monomer from aged garlic, and establishes a scalable total‑synthesis route for hundred‑gram‑scale high‑purity production, overcoming low‑yield and supply‑limiting bottlenecks for natural product research. In vivo and in vitro experiments show Efoba markedly ameliorates ICH‑induced neurological impairments and inhibits NET formation. Integrative analyses (Lip-MS, virtual screening, proteomics, transcriptomics) identified cathepsin C (CTSC) as the direct binding target of Efoba. Efoba stabilizes microglial lysosomal membranes, inhibits CTSC release, blocks NET generation, and exerts neuroprotection against NETs-driven neuroinflammation. CTSC knockout and CTSC overexpression assays further confirm the indispensable role of CTSC in mediating Efoba's neuroprotective and anti‑inflammatory activities. Collectively, this work demonstrates for the first time that Efoba targets CTSC to suppress NET-mediated neuroinflammation, highlighting its therapeutic potential and the translational value of natural active components.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Translational Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Jining NO.1 People's Hospital, Shandong First Medical University, Jining, China."
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Junjun Meng",
      "orcid": "0009-0009-3117-6803"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jianhua Wang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Tao Zhang"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Xiaofan Fan"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Jinxiu Guo",
      "orcid": "0000-0001-6565-8880"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Shiyuan Zhao"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Wenxue Sun",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4998-5296"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        0
      ],
      "name": "Pei Jiang",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-8360-7427"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ftspddkzc5cbr.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1002/advs.78538",
  "fulltext_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13720264",
  "id": "ftspddkzc5cbr",
  "issns": [
    "2198-3844"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42958721",
  "language": "eng",
  "licence": "CC-BY",
  "licence_label": "CC BY",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research Article"
    ],
    [
      "openalex",
      "2728|Intracerebral and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Research"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": "W7224821198",
  "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13720264?pdf=render",
  "pmcid": "PMC13720264",
  "pmid": "42958721",
  "published": "2026-10-29",
  "publisher": "Wiley",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ftspddkzc5cbr.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-01T00:20:36Z",
      "native_id": "MED:42958721",
      "source": "europepmc",
      "url": "https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42958721"
    },
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-03T12:21:11Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13720264",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.78538"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2728|Intracerebral and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Research",
      "subfield": "neurology"
    }
  ],
  "title": "A Novel Bioactive Component, Efoba, From Aged Garlic Targets CTSC to Suppress NET-Driven Neuroinflammation and Ameliorate Secondary Brain Injury After Intracerebral Hemorrhage.",
  "title_text": "A Novel Bioactive Component, Efoba, From Aged Garlic Targets CTSC to Suppress NET-Driven Neuroinflammation and Ameliorate Secondary Brain Injury After Intracerebral Hemorrhage.",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-03T12:21:11Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/ftspddkzc5cbr",
  "venue": "Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)",
  "versions": []
}