{
  "abstract": "Microwave linear analog computers (MiLACs) have recently emerged to enable high-performance and efficient beamforming in the analog domain. In this paper, we introduce a dual-functionality framework for MiLAC-aided transceivers. Beyond analog-domain precoding/combining (active beamforming), a MiLAC and its antenna array can simultaneously act as a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) (passive beamforming). This allows the MiLAC to execute beamforming for transmission/reception while reflecting external incident signals. We provide an optimal reconfiguration strategy for this dual-functional MiLAC, and characterize the fundamental limits on the trade-off between active and passive rate, namely the capacity region bounds and the sum-rate capacity.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [],
  "article_type": null,
  "arxiv": "2605.31549",
  "author_total": 2,
  "authors": [
    {
      "name": "Matteo Nerini"
    },
    {
      "name": "Bruno Clerckx"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fw1hbte8f0jn0.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.48550/arxiv.2605.31549",
  "fulltext_url": null,
  "id": "fw1hbte8f0jn0",
  "issns": [],
  "landing_url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.31549",
  "language": null,
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": "CC0-1.0",
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "arxiv",
      "cs.IT"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "eess.SP"
    ],
    [
      "arxiv",
      "math.IT"
    ]
  ],
  "openalex": null,
  "pdf_url": "https://arxiv.org/pdf/2605.31549",
  "pmcid": null,
  "pmid": null,
  "published": "2026-09-22",
  "publisher": null,
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fw1hbte8f0jn0.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-10-30T12:24:00Z",
      "native_id": "2605.31549",
      "source": "arxiv",
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.31549"
    }
  ],
  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "mathematics",
      "origin": "arxiv:math.IT",
      "subfield": "general"
    }
  ],
  "title": "Microwave Linear Analog Computer (MiLAC) for Simultaneous Active and Passive Beamforming",
  "title_text": "Microwave Linear Analog Computer (MiLAC) for Simultaneous Active and Passive Beamforming",
  "type": "preprint",
  "updated_at": "2026-10-30T12:24:00Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fw1hbte8f0jn0",
  "venue": "arXiv",
  "versions": []
}