{
  "abstract": "Background: Pharmacotherapies have shown limited efficacy in cannabis use disorder (CUD). This exploratory study examined the real-world effectiveness of commonly used psychiatric medications in reducing the risk of substance use and psychiatric hospitalisations among individuals with CUD.\n\nMethods: We conducted a nationwide prospective cohort study using Swedish health and administrative registers. The cohort included 51,947 individuals aged 16–64 years with a first CUD diagnosis (ICD-10 F12) between 2006 and 2021. Medication use was modelled as time-dependent with the PRE2DUP method. Within-individual Cox regression was used to compare hospitalisation risk during medication use versus non-use. The primary outcome was hospitalisation for substance use disorder (SUD).\n\nResults: ADHD (aHR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.81–0.88) and SUD medications (aHR: 0.97; 0.93–0.99) were associated with reduced SUD hospitalisation risk. In contrast, antipsychotics (aHR: 1.12; 1.09–1.15), antidepressants (aHR: 1.09; 1.06–1.11), and benzodiazepines (aHR: 1.14; 1.11–1.17) were associated with increased risk, while mood stabilisers showed no significant effect. Specific agents, including clozapine (aHR: 0.47; 0.31–0.73), naltrexone (aHR: 0.79; 0.71–0.88), buprenorphine (aHR: 0.92; 0.88–0.96), lisdexamfetamine (aHR: 0.74; 0.69–0.79), methylphenidate (aHR: 0.90; 0.86–0.94), and ADHD polytherapy (aHR: 0.85; 0.75–0.96), were associated with reduced risk.\n\nConclusions: Most psychiatric medications were not associated with a reduced risk of SUD in individuals diagnosed with CUD. However, pharmacotherapies for ADHD, opioid or alcohol use disorder, and treatment-resistant schizophrenia were linked to better outcomes, likely reflecting the underlying clinical trajectories of other comorbid psychiatric disorders rather than direct therapeutic effects on CUD.",
  "abstract_shown": true,
  "affiliations": [
    "Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland",
    "Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden",
    "Department of Psychiatry, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland",
    "Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland",
    "Addiction Psychiatry Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, Wellbeing County of South-West Finland, Turku, Finland",
    "Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Eastern Finland, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland",
    "Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland",
    "Center for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm Region, Stockholm, Sweden"
  ],
  "article_type": "research article",
  "arxiv": null,
  "author_total": 8,
  "authors": [
    {
      "affs": [
        0,
        1,
        2
      ],
      "name": "Antti Mustonen",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3259-2122"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Solja Niemelä",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-1130-9161"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        5
      ],
      "name": "Markku Lähteenvuo",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-7244-145X"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        3,
        4
      ],
      "name": "Alexander Denissoff"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        5
      ],
      "name": "Antti Tanskanen",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3795-3126"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1
      ],
      "name": "Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        5,
        6,
        7
      ],
      "name": "Jari Tiihonen",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-0400-6798"
    },
    {
      "affs": [
        1,
        5,
        7
      ],
      "name": "Heidi Taipale",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-3281-934X"
    }
  ],
  "bibtex": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fywq913kdkr40.bib",
  "cited_by": 0,
  "doi": "10.1192/j.eurpsy.2026.12250",
  "fulltext_url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13735834/",
  "id": "fywq913kdkr40",
  "issns": [
    "0924-9338",
    "1778-3585"
  ],
  "landing_url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2026.12250",
  "language": "en",
  "licence": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "licence_label": "CC BY 4.0",
  "licence_source": "article",
  "licence_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
  "metadata_licence": null,
  "native_subjects": [
    [
      "heading",
      "Research Article"
    ],
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      "openalex",
      "2713|Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes"
    ]
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  "openalex": "W7202249825",
  "pdf_url": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/C1EBD255233A25D785435B1D22510FA6/S0924933826122500a.pdf/div-class-title-real-world-effectiveness-of-psychiatric-pharmacotherapies-in-reducing-the-risk-of-substance-use-and-psychiatric-hospitalisations-in-cannabis-use-disorder-an-exploratory-nationwide-register-based-study-div.pdf",
  "pmcid": "PMC13735834",
  "pmid": "42581784",
  "published": "2026-08-12",
  "publisher": "Cambridge University Press",
  "ris": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fywq913kdkr40.ris",
  "sources": [
    {
      "first_seen": "2026-11-09T12:21:25Z",
      "native_id": "PMC13735834",
      "source": "pmc",
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2026.12250"
    }
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  "subjects": [
    {
      "field": "medicine",
      "origin": "openalex:2713|Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes",
      "subfield": "epidemiology-public-health"
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  ],
  "title": "Real-world effectiveness of psychiatric pharmacotherapies in reducing the risk of substance use- and psychiatric hospitalisations in cannabis use disorder – An exploratory nationwide register-based study",
  "title_text": "Real-world effectiveness of psychiatric pharmacotherapies in reducing the risk of substance use- and psychiatric hospitalisations in cannabis use disorder – An exploratory nationwide register-based study",
  "type": "peer-reviewed",
  "updated_at": "2026-11-09T12:21:25Z",
  "url": "https://research.draconitic.com/paper/fywq913kdkr40",
  "venue": "European Psychiatry",
  "versions": []
}