Generalized Thermodynamics and Phase Transitions of Vaidya-adS Black Holes
Abstract
This work investigates the thermodynamics of non-stationary anti-de Sitter (adS) black holes and their gauge-gravity duals. To model a non-equilibrium process, we employ a time-dependent Vaidya-adS metric to describe the collapse of a null fluid and the subsequent thermalization of the dual field theory. We introduce an effective version of free energy as a quasilocal probe to be used in a dynamical setup. By analyzing how this quantity evolves, we show that a first-order phase transition occurs when the final black-hole mass exceeds the limit established by the Hawking-Page temperature. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the final state only approaches the thermal behavior of the N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory for mass states much larger than the adS radius. Finally, we compute the boundary energy-momentum tensor using holographic renormalization and compare the resulting energy density with the strong-coupling limit. This demonstrates that the dual description provides a consistent framework for both the equilibrium and non-equilibrium thermodynamics of strongly coupled gauge theories.
Versions
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BibTeX
@misc{cardona2026generalized,
title = {{Generalized Thermodynamics and Phase Transitions of Vaidya-adS Black Holes}},
author = {A. F. Cardona and C. Molina},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.31760},
eprint = {2610.31760},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.31760},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Generalized Thermodynamics and Phase Transitions of Vaidya-adS Black Holes
AU - A. F. Cardona
AU - C. Molina
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/22
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.31760
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.31760
AB - This work investigates the thermodynamics of non-stationary anti-de Sitter (adS) black holes and their gauge-gravity duals. To model a non-equilibrium process, we employ a time-dependent Vaidya-adS metric to describe the collapse of a null fluid and the subsequent thermalization of the dual field theory. We introduce an effective version of free energy as a quasilocal probe to be used in a dynamical setup. By analyzing how this quantity evolves, we show that a first-order phase transition occurs when the final black-hole mass exceeds the limit established by the Hawking-Page temperature. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the final state only approaches the thermal behavior of the N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory for mass states much larger than the adS radius. Finally, we compute the boundary energy-momentum tensor using holographic renormalization and compare the resulting energy density with the strong-coupling limit. This demonstrates that the dual description provides a consistent framework for both the equilibrium and non-equilibrium thermodynamics of strongly coupled gauge theories.
ER -