Assembly and comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of a orchid cultivar 'Jingzi' reveals multichromosomal architecture and plastid-derived DNA transfers.
6 affiliations
- 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Design and Intelligent Breeding, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China.
- 2Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing, 102442, China.
- 3School of Life Sciences, Shandong Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China.
- 4Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing, 102442, China. [email protected].
- 5Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Design and Intelligent Breeding, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China. [email protected].
- 6Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Design and Intelligent Breeding, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China. [email protected].
Abstract
Background
Orchidaceae is one of the most diverse flowering plant families in angiosperms and holds significant cultural, economic, and ecological value in China. Despite economic and horticultural significance, the mitochondrial genomes of Cymbidium kanran remain poorly characterized.Results
We assembled and annotated the complete mitochondrial genome of a new orchid variety, 'Jingzi', using PacBio HiFi sequencing technology. The mitochondrial genome is 704, 624 bp in length with a GC content of 43.91%, comprising 24 circular contigs. It contains 38 protein-coding genes (PCGs), including 24 unique core mitochondrial genes, 27 tRNA genes, and 3 rRNA genes. Notably, atp6 exhibits an unprecedented duplication event. Intracellular gene transfer analysis revealed 91 fragments homologous between mitochondria and chloroplasts, totaling 92, 762 bp (13.16% of the mitochondrial genome). Based on 24 conserved PCGs from 20 angiosperm species, our phylogenetic analysis indicated a potential affinity between 'Jingzi' and Paphiopedilum from Shenzhen. Given the poor sampling of closely related genera within Cymbidium, this observation is preliminary and awaits validation from future studies with expanded taxon coverage.Conclusions
This study elucidates the main features of the 'Jingzi' mitochondrial genome, highlights extensive mitochondrial-chloroplast homology, and reports the presence of two copies of atp6 in the mitochondrial genome. These findings provide valuable insights for genetic and evolutionary studies of orchids.
Related
- First complete mitochondrial genome of star fruit (Averrhoa carambola L.): assembly, comparative analysis, and phylogenetic placement
- Assembly and characterization of the mitochondrial genome of Camellia pitardii
- A Draft Genome Assembly of Argania spinosa Provides Insights into Lipid Metabolism-Associated Genes and Repeat-Rich Genome Architecture
- Medians at the corners, anti-medians at the center: the geometry of breakpoint medians for random signed multichromosomal genomes
- Integrative structure determination of a human mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) sub-assembly
BibTeX
@article{zhang2026assembly,
title = {{Assembly and comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of a orchid cultivar 'Jingzi' reveals multichromosomal architecture and plastid-derived DNA transfers.}},
author = {Boyang Zhang and Jiuyang Tang and Hailong Wang and Bo Wang and Zhang Zhang and Guiming Liu and Yunfu Li and Jianhua Wei and Jiewei Zhang},
journal = {BMC plant biology},
year = {2026},
month = jul,
doi = {10.1186/s12870-026-09481-y},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42894133},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Assembly and comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of a orchid cultivar 'Jingzi' reveals multichromosomal architecture and plastid-derived DNA transfers.
AU - Boyang Zhang
AU - Jiuyang Tang
AU - Hailong Wang
AU - Bo Wang
AU - Zhang Zhang
AU - Guiming Liu
AU - Yunfu Li
AU - Jianhua Wei
AU - Jiewei Zhang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/07/01
JO - BMC plant biology
DO - 10.1186/s12870-026-09481-y
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42894133
AB - Background Orchidaceae is one of the most diverse flowering plant families in angiosperms and holds significant cultural, economic, and ecological value in China. Despite economic and horticultural significance, the mitochondrial genomes of Cymbidium kanran remain poorly characterized.Results We assembled and annotated the complete mitochondrial genome of a new orchid variety, 'Jingzi', using PacBio HiFi sequencing technology. The mitochondrial genome is 704, 624 bp in length with a GC content of 43.91%, comprising 24 circular contigs. It contains 38 protein-coding genes (PCGs), including 24 unique core mitochondrial genes, 27 tRNA genes, and 3 rRNA genes. Notably, atp6 exhibits an unprecedented duplication event. Intracellular gene transfer analysis revealed 91 fragments homologous between mitochondria and chloroplasts, totaling 92, 762 bp (13.16% of the mitochondrial genome). Based on 24 conserved PCGs from 20 angiosperm species, our phylogenetic analysis indicated a potential affinity between 'Jingzi' and Paphiopedilum from Shenzhen. Given the poor sampling of closely related genera within Cymbidium, this observation is preliminary and awaits validation from future studies with expanded taxon coverage.Conclusions This study elucidates the main features of the 'Jingzi' mitochondrial genome, highlights extensive mitochondrial-chloroplast homology, and reports the presence of two copies of atp6 in the mitochondrial genome. These findings provide valuable insights for genetic and evolutionary studies of orchids.
SN - 1471-2229
ER -