Birth Weight and Diaphragmatic Ultrasound Measurements During the First 48 Hours in Term Neonates: A Secondary Longitudinal Analysis.
8 affiliations
- 1Doctoral School, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania.
- 2Center for Multidisciplinary Research and Management in Pediatric Surgical Conditions, Iosif Nemoianu Street No. 2, 300011 Timișoara, Romania.
- 3Methodological and Infectious Diseases Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania.
- 4Dr. Victor Babeș Infectious Diseases and Pneumononcology Hospital, 300310 Timișoara, Romania.
- 5Department XIII, Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania.
- 6Discipline of Neonatology, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania.
- 7Department of Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania.
- 8Department XII, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timișoara, Romania.
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Neonatal diaphragm ultrasound measurements may vary with body size. We examined associations between birth weight and repeated bilateral diaphragm measurements during the first 48 h after birth. Methods: This exploratory secondary post hoc analysis included 116 term neonates assessed at approximately 1, 24, and 48 h (348 examinations). Associations of birth weight with diaphragm thickness, diaphragmatic thickening fraction (DTF), and excursion were estimated using generalized estimating equations adjusted for gestational age, sex, and assessment time. Mean bilateral end-expiratory thickness was a derived post hoc summary, and absolute inspiratory thickening (ΔT) was examined additionally. Results: Across the 12 exploratory birth-weight outcome tests, none remained below 0.05 after global Holm correction, and this global result is the primary summary of this analysis. The post hoc mean bilateral end-expiratory thickness summary showed a nominal positive association with birth weight (β = 0.0876 mm/kg; 95% CI, 0.0112-0.1640; nominal p = 0.0246; global Holm-adjusted p = 0.2465); this is reported as a descriptive, hypothesis-generating observation and not as the main finding. All four side-specific thickness coefficients were nominally positive, but none remained below 0.05 after global adjustment. Birth weight showed little evidence of association with excursion or ΔT. Right-sided DTF showed an inverse nominal association (β = -1.4779 percentage points/kg; 95% CI, -2.5933 to -0.3624; nominal p = 0.0094; global Holm-adjusted p = 0.1130); given unresolved DTF provenance uncertainty (see Methods), this estimate is not used to support any physiological conclusion. Conclusions: None of the 12 exploratory birth-weight associations remained below 0.05 after global Holm correction, and this negative global result, rather than any single nominal association, is the principal finding of this analysis. The post hoc bilateral thickness association is reported descriptively and should not be regarded as a main finding; ΔT and DTF are reported as auxiliary post hoc observations. These findings are incremental and hypothesis-generating and require prospective, prespecified validation.
Related
- Ultrasound reference value of frontal-occipital horn ratio for neonates born at 25–41 gestational weeks
- Effects of Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist on Lung Ultrasound Aeration and Diaphragmatic Function in Extremely Preterm Infants With Evolving or Established Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.
- Diaphragmatic dysfunction and its association with postoperative respiratory support in patients with acute secondary peritonitis : A retrospective cohort study
- Correlation Between Ultrasound-Derived Diaphragmatic Thickness, Inspiratory Muscle Strength and Peak Expiratory Flow in Institutionalized Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Exploratory Study.
- Comparison of Cranial Ultrasound and Amplitude‐Integrated Electroencephalography in Predicting Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Neonates With Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
BibTeX
@article{rotea2026birth,
title = {{Birth Weight and Diaphragmatic Ultrasound Measurements During the First 48 Hours in Term Neonates: A Secondary Longitudinal Analysis.}},
author = {Bogdan Rotea and Andra Rotea and Mădălina Ianca Suba and Ovidiu Rosca and Bogdan Cerbu and Ileana Enatescu and Mirabela Adina Dima and Emil Radu Iacob and Adrian Gluhovschi and Daniela Iacob},
journal = {Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.3390/diagnostics16193120},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42882275},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Birth Weight and Diaphragmatic Ultrasound Measurements During the First 48 Hours in Term Neonates: A Secondary Longitudinal Analysis.
AU - Bogdan Rotea
AU - Andra Rotea
AU - Mădălina Ianca Suba
AU - Ovidiu Rosca
AU - Bogdan Cerbu
AU - Ileana Enatescu
AU - Mirabela Adina Dima
AU - Emil Radu Iacob
AU - Adrian Gluhovschi
AU - Daniela Iacob
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/25
JO - Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
DO - 10.3390/diagnostics16193120
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42882275
AB - Background/Objectives: Neonatal diaphragm ultrasound measurements may vary with body size. We examined associations between birth weight and repeated bilateral diaphragm measurements during the first 48 h after birth. Methods: This exploratory secondary post hoc analysis included 116 term neonates assessed at approximately 1, 24, and 48 h (348 examinations). Associations of birth weight with diaphragm thickness, diaphragmatic thickening fraction (DTF), and excursion were estimated using generalized estimating equations adjusted for gestational age, sex, and assessment time. Mean bilateral end-expiratory thickness was a derived post hoc summary, and absolute inspiratory thickening (ΔT) was examined additionally. Results: Across the 12 exploratory birth-weight outcome tests, none remained below 0.05 after global Holm correction, and this global result is the primary summary of this analysis. The post hoc mean bilateral end-expiratory thickness summary showed a nominal positive association with birth weight (β = 0.0876 mm/kg; 95% CI, 0.0112-0.1640; nominal p = 0.0246; global Holm-adjusted p = 0.2465); this is reported as a descriptive, hypothesis-generating observation and not as the main finding. All four side-specific thickness coefficients were nominally positive, but none remained below 0.05 after global adjustment. Birth weight showed little evidence of association with excursion or ΔT. Right-sided DTF showed an inverse nominal association (β = -1.4779 percentage points/kg; 95% CI, -2.5933 to -0.3624; nominal p = 0.0094; global Holm-adjusted p = 0.1130); given unresolved DTF provenance uncertainty (see Methods), this estimate is not used to support any physiological conclusion. Conclusions: None of the 12 exploratory birth-weight associations remained below 0.05 after global Holm correction, and this negative global result, rather than any single nominal association, is the principal finding of this analysis. The post hoc bilateral thickness association is reported descriptively and should not be regarded as a main finding; ΔT and DTF are reported as auxiliary post hoc observations. These findings are incremental and hypothesis-generating and require prospective, prespecified validation.
SN - 2075-4418
ER -