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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Cureus

Evaluation of the Impact of Osteoporosis and Rheumatoid Arthritis on the Outcomes of Nonsurgical Endodontic Therapy: A Prospective Cohort Study

  • Ajay Chhabra1
  • Sona J Parvathy1
  • Himani Mehra1
  • Amit Kumar2
  • Shilpa R3
  • Arpita Banerjee3
  • Vandana Chabbra4
  • Bhupendra Ramesh Babaria3
4 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani, IND
  2. 2Department of Orthopedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani, IND
  3. 3Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani, IND
  4. 4Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Chandigarh, IND
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Abstract

Introduction: Osteoporosis (OP) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can potentially disrupt periapical healing following nonsurgical endodontic therapy (NSET) due to changes in bone metabolism and persistent inflammation.

Methods: We assigned 80 participants to three groups: healthy controls (n = 40), OP (n = 20), and RA (n = 20). All participants received standardized NSET. We assessed periapical healing using digital radiovisiography and cone-beam computed tomography scans at baseline and one, three, and six months, based on measurements of periapical radiolucency and periapical index (PAI) scores. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank and Kruskal-Wallis tests (p < 0.05).

Results: There was statistically significant improvement in radiographic healing among all groups during the six-month study period (p < 0.001). PAI scores at baseline were similar among all groups. Healthy participants had significantly more periapical healing compared with OP and RA groups at six months (p < 0.05). Higher mean values of residual radiolucency and PAI scores were noted among the OP and RA groups.

Conclusions: OP and RA groups exhibited delayed periapical healing after NSET when compared with healthy controls; however, all groups experienced significant periapical healing following therapy.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{chhabra2026evaluation,
  title = {{Evaluation of the Impact of Osteoporosis and Rheumatoid Arthritis on the Outcomes of Nonsurgical Endodontic Therapy: A Prospective Cohort Study}},
  author = {Ajay Chhabra and Sona J Parvathy and Himani Mehra and Amit Kumar and Shilpa R and Arpita Banerjee and Vandana Chabbra and Bhupendra Ramesh Babaria},
  journal = {Cureus},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.7759/cureus.116950},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116950},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Evaluation of the Impact of Osteoporosis and Rheumatoid Arthritis on the Outcomes of Nonsurgical Endodontic Therapy: A Prospective Cohort Study
AU  - Ajay Chhabra
AU  - Sona J Parvathy
AU  - Himani Mehra
AU  - Amit Kumar
AU  - Shilpa R
AU  - Arpita Banerjee
AU  - Vandana Chabbra
AU  - Bhupendra Ramesh Babaria
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/25
JO  - Cureus
DO  - 10.7759/cureus.116950
UR  - https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.116950
AB  - Introduction: Osteoporosis (OP) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can potentially disrupt periapical healing following nonsurgical endodontic therapy (NSET) due to changes in bone metabolism and persistent inflammation.  Methods: We assigned 80 participants to three groups: healthy controls (n = 40), OP (n = 20), and RA (n = 20). All participants received standardized NSET. We assessed periapical healing using digital radiovisiography and cone-beam computed tomography scans at baseline and one, three, and six months, based on measurements of periapical radiolucency and periapical index (PAI) scores. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank and Kruskal-Wallis tests (p < 0.05).  Results: There was statistically significant improvement in radiographic healing among all groups during the six-month study period (p < 0.001). PAI scores at baseline were similar among all groups. Healthy participants had significantly more periapical healing compared with OP and RA groups at six months (p < 0.05). Higher mean values of residual radiolucency and PAI scores were noted among the OP and RA groups.  Conclusions: OP and RA groups exhibited delayed periapical healing after NSET when compared with healthy controls; however, all groups experienced significant periapical healing following therapy.
SN  - 2168-8184
ER  -