A Unified Frequency-Domain Model for Cascaded Filter-Interpolation Modulation in Tomographic Reconstruction
Abstract
The fidelity of image reconstruction from projections in linear inverse problems, such as tomography, is critically dependent on the synergistic interaction between frequency-domain filtering and spatial-domain interpolation. However, a physical model that can quantitatively describe how these two components cascade interact in the frequency domain and ultimately determine image quality is still lacking to this day. Here, we introduce a unified frequency-domain model that conceptualizes the combined effect of filtering and interpolation in the filtered backprojection (FBP) algorithm as a cascaded modulation process. This model demonstrates that the effective reconstruction spectrum is determined by the original projection data being sequentially modulated by the frequency responses of the filter and the interpolation kernel. Comprehensive numerical simulations and synchrotron radiation CT experiments validate the model, confirming its power to explain the performance hierarchy of classical filter-interpolation pairs under both ideal and noisy conditions. The model successfully predicts key performance characteristics, including spatial resolution and structural fidelity, thereby elucidating the physical principles behind the efficacy of specific combinations. This work establishes a generalizable theoretical foundation for analyzing cascaded systems in linear inverse problems, moving the practice of algorithm selection in computational imaging from empiricism to a principled, physics-based paradigm.
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BibTeX
@misc{li2026unified,
title = {{A Unified Frequency-Domain Model for Cascaded Filter-Interpolation Modulation in Tomographic Reconstruction}},
author = {Detian Li and Yang Zou and Penghao Geng and Shengkun Yao},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.29220},
eprint = {2609.29220},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.29220},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - A Unified Frequency-Domain Model for Cascaded Filter-Interpolation Modulation in Tomographic Reconstruction
AU - Detian Li
AU - Yang Zou
AU - Penghao Geng
AU - Shengkun Yao
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/24
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.29220
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.29220
AB - The fidelity of image reconstruction from projections in linear inverse problems, such as tomography, is critically dependent on the synergistic interaction between frequency-domain filtering and spatial-domain interpolation. However, a physical model that can quantitatively describe how these two components cascade interact in the frequency domain and ultimately determine image quality is still lacking to this day. Here, we introduce a unified frequency-domain model that conceptualizes the combined effect of filtering and interpolation in the filtered backprojection (FBP) algorithm as a cascaded modulation process. This model demonstrates that the effective reconstruction spectrum is determined by the original projection data being sequentially modulated by the frequency responses of the filter and the interpolation kernel. Comprehensive numerical simulations and synchrotron radiation CT experiments validate the model, confirming its power to explain the performance hierarchy of classical filter-interpolation pairs under both ideal and noisy conditions. The model successfully predicts key performance characteristics, including spatial resolution and structural fidelity, thereby elucidating the physical principles behind the efficacy of specific combinations. This work establishes a generalizable theoretical foundation for analyzing cascaded systems in linear inverse problems, moving the practice of algorithm selection in computational imaging from empiricism to a principled, physics-based paradigm.
ER -