Double White Dwarfs with Circumbinary Disks: Evolution, Population Properties, and Gravitational Wave Signatures
Abstract
Double white dwarfs (DWDs) are important multi-messenger sources and powerful probes of binary interaction physics. Close DWDs formed through isolated binary evolution are expected to have negligible eccentricities. However, recent observations have revealed that some eclipsing DWDs exhibit eccentricities of order 10−3 or larger. In this work, we investigate the interaction between a circumbinary disk (CBD) and the central DWD, where the CBD is assumed to form from a recent common-envelope (CE) ejection. Our models are the first to include CBD-DWD interaction in DWD population synthesis and to constrain disk parameters such as disk mass and lifetime. Our population models predict a correlation between the eccentricity distribution and the orbital period distribution of DWDs, which can be tested by future observations. Furthermore, we discuss the influence of CBD on the gravitational-wave (GW) signal. The CBD-DWD interaction can shrink the orbit and excite eccentricity, extending the time for which the system is individually resolvable by a future space-borne GW detector. Our results suggest that CBD interaction should be accounted for in population synthesis of Galactic DWD GW sources and the stochastic GW foreground.
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BibTeX
@misc{ma2026double,
title = {{Double White Dwarfs with Circumbinary Disks: Evolution, Population Properties, and Gravitational Wave Signatures}},
author = {Wenwu Ma and Zhenwei Li and Dylan Hebrail and Dandan Wei and Hongwei Ge and Ross Church and Xuefei Chen and Yuxiao Liu},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2611.00475},
eprint = {2611.00475},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.00475},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Double White Dwarfs with Circumbinary Disks: Evolution, Population Properties, and Gravitational Wave Signatures
AU - Wenwu Ma
AU - Zhenwei Li
AU - Dylan Hebrail
AU - Dandan Wei
AU - Hongwei Ge
AU - Ross Church
AU - Xuefei Chen
AU - Yuxiao Liu
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/01
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2611.00475
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.00475
AB - Double white dwarfs (DWDs) are important multi-messenger sources and powerful probes of binary interaction physics. Close DWDs formed through isolated binary evolution are expected to have negligible eccentricities. However, recent observations have revealed that some eclipsing DWDs exhibit eccentricities of order 10^−3 or larger. In this work, we investigate the interaction between a circumbinary disk (CBD) and the central DWD, where the CBD is assumed to form from a recent common-envelope (CE) ejection. Our models are the first to include CBD-DWD interaction in DWD population synthesis and to constrain disk parameters such as disk mass and lifetime. Our population models predict a correlation between the eccentricity distribution and the orbital period distribution of DWDs, which can be tested by future observations. Furthermore, we discuss the influence of CBD on the gravitational-wave (GW) signal. The CBD-DWD interaction can shrink the orbit and excite eccentricity, extending the time for which the system is individually resolvable by a future space-borne GW detector. Our results suggest that CBD interaction should be accounted for in population synthesis of Galactic DWD GW sources and the stochastic GW foreground.
ER -