Dietary vitamin D and calcium and periodontitis: A population-based study

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to explore the relationship between dietary vitamin D and calcium intake and periodontitis among adults and whether it differs from males to females. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of a population-based cohort study with adults aged 20 to 60 from Southern Brazil. Intake of vitamin D and calcium were gathered in 2012 using two 24h-dietary recalls. Clinical examination assessed the clinical attachment level and bleeding on probing. Confounders included sex, age, family income, smoking, and obesity. The controlled direct effect of vitamin D and calcium on periodontitis was examined using marginal structural modeling. Analyses were also stratified by sex. Results: Of the 1,066 investigated adults (mean age 35 ± 11.7 years; 49% females), 12.3% (95%CI 10.2;14.7) had periodontitis. Calcium intake had a direct protective effect on periodontitis (risk ratio (RR) 0.61; 95%CI 0.45;0.83), whereas no association between vitamin D and periodontitis was observed (RR 1.13; 95%CI 0.82;1.56). Stratified analyses revealed a null association between both vitamin D and calcium intake and periodontitis among men, but a protective association between calcium and intake and periodontitis among women (RR 0.56; 95%CI 0.38;0.79), while vitamin D remained without any association (RR 1.07; 95%CI 0.72;1.61). Conclusion: Our findings suggest a protective association between dietary calcium intake and periodontitis among women.

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BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@article{nascimento2026dietary,
  title = {{Dietary vitamin D and calcium and periodontitis: A population-based study}},
  author = {Gustavo G. Nascimento and Fábio R. M. Leite and David A. Gonzalez-Chica and Karen G. Peres and Marco A. Peres},
  journal = {Frontiers in Nutrition},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fnut.2022.1016763},
  url = {https://hal.science/hal-05791955v1},
  note = {CC BY},
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Dietary vitamin D and calcium and periodontitis: A population-based study
AU  - Gustavo G. Nascimento
AU  - Fábio R. M. Leite
AU  - David A. Gonzalez-Chica
AU  - Karen G. Peres
AU  - Marco A. Peres
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/11
JO  - Frontiers in Nutrition
DO  - 10.3389/fnut.2022.1016763
UR  - https://hal.science/hal-05791955v1
AB  - Aim: This study aimed to explore the relationship between dietary vitamin D and calcium intake and periodontitis among adults and whether it differs from males to females. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of a population-based cohort study with adults aged 20 to 60 from Southern Brazil. Intake of vitamin D and calcium were gathered in 2012 using two 24h-dietary recalls. Clinical examination assessed the clinical attachment level and bleeding on probing. Confounders included sex, age, family income, smoking, and obesity. The controlled direct effect of vitamin D and calcium on periodontitis was examined using marginal structural modeling. Analyses were also stratified by sex. Results: Of the 1,066 investigated adults (mean age 35 ± 11.7 years; 49% females), 12.3% (95%CI 10.2;14.7) had periodontitis. Calcium intake had a direct protective effect on periodontitis (risk ratio (RR) 0.61; 95%CI 0.45;0.83), whereas no association between vitamin D and periodontitis was observed (RR 1.13; 95%CI 0.82;1.56). Stratified analyses revealed a null association between both vitamin D and calcium intake and periodontitis among men, but a protective association between calcium and intake and periodontitis among women (RR 0.56; 95%CI 0.38;0.79), while vitamin D remained without any association (RR 1.07; 95%CI 0.72;1.61). Conclusion: Our findings suggest a protective association between dietary calcium intake and periodontitis among women.
SN  - 2296-861X
ER  -

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