Possible sarcopenia defined by the 2025 Asian Working Group for sarcopenia consensus and functional impairment among adults aged 50-64 years: a longitudinal cohort study.
5 affiliations
- 1Public Health Section, Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital (Affiliated Mental Health Center, Medical College of Shaoxing University), Shaoxing, China.
- 2Department of General Affairs, Shaoxing Health Information Management Center, Shaoxing, China.
- 3Department of Non-Communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Shaoxing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shaoxing, China.
- 4Department of Non-Communicable Diseases Control and Prevention, Shaoxing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shaoxing, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
- 5Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control (Emergency Office), Shangcheng District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
Abstract
Background
The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2025 consensus simplified possible sarcopenia assessment and extended it to adults aged 50-64 years, but its association with activities of daily living (ADL)/instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) impairment in this age group remains unclear. We therefore conducted cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses to address this gap.Methods
Using China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study data, we included 6,904 adults aged 50-64 years for cross-sectional analyses. After excluding participants with baseline impairment, 5,730 and 5,423 were followed through 2020 for incident ADL and IADL impairment, respectively. Transition analyses included 3,569 and 3,200 participants, respectively. Possible sarcopenia was defined as low handgrip strength according to the AWGS 2025 criterion. Multivariable logistic regression and discrete-time complementary log-log models were used.Results
In cross-sectional analyses, possible sarcopenia was associated with higher odds of prevalent ADL (OR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.53-2.17) and IADL (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.23-1.71) impairment. Over up to 9 years, it was associated with increased hazards of incident ADL (HR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.27-1.59) and IADL (HR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.21-1.52) impairment. In transition analyses, progression to possible sarcopenia was associated with higher hazards of subsequent ADL (HR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.01-1.49) and IADL (HR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.07-1.61) impairment. Reversion to no possible sarcopenia was not significantly associated with ADL (HR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.58-1.22) or IADL (HR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.52-1.15) impairment.Conclusions
AWGS 2025-defined possible sarcopenia and progression to possible sarcopenia were associated with ADL/IADL impairment in adults aged 50-64 years, supporting early screening and repeated monitoring in late midlife.
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BibTeX
@article{cai2026possible,
title = {{Possible sarcopenia defined by the 2025 Asian Working Group for sarcopenia consensus and functional impairment among adults aged 50-64 years: a longitudinal cohort study.}},
author = {Liang Cai and Shoujue Wang and Lidan Chen and Kangkang Chen and Ying Yao},
journal = {The journal of nutrition, health \& aging},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1016/j.jnha.2026.101008},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42880160},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Possible sarcopenia defined by the 2025 Asian Working Group for sarcopenia consensus and functional impairment among adults aged 50-64 years: a longitudinal cohort study.
AU - Liang Cai
AU - Shoujue Wang
AU - Lidan Chen
AU - Kangkang Chen
AU - Ying Yao
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/15
JO - The journal of nutrition, health & aging
DO - 10.1016/j.jnha.2026.101008
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42880160
AB - Background The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2025 consensus simplified possible sarcopenia assessment and extended it to adults aged 50-64 years, but its association with activities of daily living (ADL)/instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) impairment in this age group remains unclear. We therefore conducted cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses to address this gap.Methods Using China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study data, we included 6,904 adults aged 50-64 years for cross-sectional analyses. After excluding participants with baseline impairment, 5,730 and 5,423 were followed through 2020 for incident ADL and IADL impairment, respectively. Transition analyses included 3,569 and 3,200 participants, respectively. Possible sarcopenia was defined as low handgrip strength according to the AWGS 2025 criterion. Multivariable logistic regression and discrete-time complementary log-log models were used.Results In cross-sectional analyses, possible sarcopenia was associated with higher odds of prevalent ADL (OR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.53-2.17) and IADL (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.23-1.71) impairment. Over up to 9 years, it was associated with increased hazards of incident ADL (HR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.27-1.59) and IADL (HR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.21-1.52) impairment. In transition analyses, progression to possible sarcopenia was associated with higher hazards of subsequent ADL (HR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.01-1.49) and IADL (HR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.07-1.61) impairment. Reversion to no possible sarcopenia was not significantly associated with ADL (HR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.58-1.22) or IADL (HR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.52-1.15) impairment.Conclusions AWGS 2025-defined possible sarcopenia and progression to possible sarcopenia were associated with ADL/IADL impairment in adults aged 50-64 years, supporting early screening and repeated monitoring in late midlife.
SN - 1760-4788
ER -