Stability of curved chain-like bubble structures and transport behavior of gas nuclei in localized turbulent Flows.
- 1Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
- 2Shenzhen Lvyuanxuan Electric Technology Co. LTD, Shenzhen 518107, China.
- 3Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
Abstract
This study establishes spatially periodic acoustic pressure gradients beneath the gas-liquid interface by alternately arranging soft and hard acoustic boundaries, thereby stabilizing the aggregation of cavitation bubbles below the liquid surface. The evolution of bubble aggregation structures was recorded using a high-speed imaging system with high magnification and frame rate. The morphological characteristics of the structures and the motion properties of internal bubbles were analyzed through image processing methods, providing experimental evidence for gas-nucleus circulation. Bubbles with radii less than 10 μm originating near the liquid surface were found to be drawn into the cavitation structure by the primary Bjerknes force and structural attraction. Bubbles within the structure stabilized at a depth of λ/8below the liquid surface under the combination of primary and secondary Bjerknes forces, arranging themselves into a catenary configuration. Large bubbles float upward, driven by the primary Bjerknes force, and then break up, completing the gas-nucleus output process. The deformation and breakup patterns of large bubbles align with turbulence-induced bubble fragmentation. Statistical results indicate that a high-turbulent-energy-dissipation region exists between the cavitation structure and the liquid surface. To explain the abnormal variation in the equivalent radius of daughter bubbles during binary breakup, the bubble splitting effect was incorporated into the bubble model, accounting for phase transition and heat transfer. Excessive heat loss during the expansion phase prevents effective accumulation of ultrasonic input energy, significantly reducing the maximum expanded radius of daughter bubbles and accelerating their disappearance. The dependence of this phenomenon on parameters such as ultrasonic pressure amplitude agrees with experimental observations. Furthermore, the positional stability of this structure demonstrates its potential for patterned ultrasonic cavitation shot peening.
Related
- Stress-Guided Localized Infill Variation for Improving the Mechanical Efficiency of FDM-Printed L-Bracket Structures
- Friction Stability and Wear Behavior of Te NW–TiB2/Epoxy Composites
- Rheological Insights: The Role of Divalent Ions on the Stability and Phase Behavior of Oil–Water Emulsions
- Strain-controlled phonon transport in van der Waals hetero-structures: a quantum study
- Mobilis: an open-source toolkit for charge transport in organic semiconductors, from crystal structures to temperaturedependent mobilities with dynamic disorder and active learning
BibTeX
@article{lei2026stability,
title = {{Stability of curved chain-like bubble structures and transport behavior of gas nuclei in localized turbulent Flows.}},
author = {Zhaokang Lei and Xiajie Guo and Hanqing Chen and Huanhuan Zhang and Yaorong Wu and Zhiyuan Cui and Zhenyou Liang and Liangliang Han and Chenghui Wang},
journal = {Ultrasonics sonochemistry},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1016/j.ultsonch.2026.108093},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42854273},
note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Stability of curved chain-like bubble structures and transport behavior of gas nuclei in localized turbulent Flows.
AU - Zhaokang Lei
AU - Xiajie Guo
AU - Hanqing Chen
AU - Huanhuan Zhang
AU - Yaorong Wu
AU - Zhiyuan Cui
AU - Zhenyou Liang
AU - Liangliang Han
AU - Chenghui Wang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/05
JO - Ultrasonics sonochemistry
DO - 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2026.108093
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42854273
AB - This study establishes spatially periodic acoustic pressure gradients beneath the gas-liquid interface by alternately arranging soft and hard acoustic boundaries, thereby stabilizing the aggregation of cavitation bubbles below the liquid surface. The evolution of bubble aggregation structures was recorded using a high-speed imaging system with high magnification and frame rate. The morphological characteristics of the structures and the motion properties of internal bubbles were analyzed through image processing methods, providing experimental evidence for gas-nucleus circulation. Bubbles with radii less than 10 μm originating near the liquid surface were found to be drawn into the cavitation structure by the primary Bjerknes force and structural attraction. Bubbles within the structure stabilized at a depth of λ/8below the liquid surface under the combination of primary and secondary Bjerknes forces, arranging themselves into a catenary configuration. Large bubbles float upward, driven by the primary Bjerknes force, and then break up, completing the gas-nucleus output process. The deformation and breakup patterns of large bubbles align with turbulence-induced bubble fragmentation. Statistical results indicate that a high-turbulent-energy-dissipation region exists between the cavitation structure and the liquid surface. To explain the abnormal variation in the equivalent radius of daughter bubbles during binary breakup, the bubble splitting effect was incorporated into the bubble model, accounting for phase transition and heat transfer. Excessive heat loss during the expansion phase prevents effective accumulation of ultrasonic input energy, significantly reducing the maximum expanded radius of daughter bubbles and accelerating their disappearance. The dependence of this phenomenon on parameters such as ultrasonic pressure amplitude agrees with experimental observations. Furthermore, the positional stability of this structure demonstrates its potential for patterned ultrasonic cavitation shot peening.
SN - 1350-4177
SN - 1873-2828
ER -