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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0JHEP

Photon-nucleon entanglement in Compton scattering at low and high energies

  • Yoshitaka Hatta1
  • Víctor Martínez-Fernández2,3
  1. 1Brookhaven National Laboratory
  2. 2Université Paris-Saclay - CEA - IRFU
  3. 3Stony Brook University
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Abstract

A bstract : We study spin-spin entanglement in the final state photon-nucleon system in Compton scattering, both at low energy below the pion threshold and at high energy in perturbative QCD to next-to-leading order. We first establish a no-go theorem showing that, for any spin- 1/2 1 2 target, entanglement cannot be generated in unpolarized Compton scattering if the scattering amplitudes are real. We then consider polarized Compton scattering off the electron, the proton and the neutron. At low energy, we uncover a rich variety of maximally entangled Bell states and their unitary equivalents realized across different regions of the kinematic plane. Interestingly, the proton and neutron targets exhibit distinct patterns of entanglement. In the neutron case, the electric and magnetic polarizabilities dramatically influence the pattern and even the existence of entanglement. This suggests that entanglement can serve as a novel tool for investigating the detailed electromagnetic properties of the nucleons.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{hatta2026photonnucleon,
  title = {{Photon-nucleon entanglement in Compton scattering at low and high energies}},
  author = {Yoshitaka Hatta and Víctor Martínez-Fernández},
  journal = {JHEP},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.1007/jhep10(2026)204},
  eprint = {2608.05330},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://hal.science/hal-05736010v1},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Photon-nucleon entanglement in Compton scattering at low and high energies
AU  - Yoshitaka Hatta
AU  - Víctor Martínez-Fernández
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/02
JO  - JHEP
DO  - 10.1007/jhep10(2026)204
UR  - https://hal.science/hal-05736010v1
AB  - A bstract : We study spin-spin entanglement in the final state photon-nucleon system in Compton scattering, both at low energy below the pion threshold and at high energy in perturbative QCD to next-to-leading order. We first establish a no-go theorem showing that, for any spin- 1/2 1 2 target, entanglement cannot be generated in unpolarized Compton scattering if the scattering amplitudes are real. We then consider polarized Compton scattering off the electron, the proton and the neutron. At low energy, we uncover a rich variety of maximally entangled Bell states and their unitary equivalents realized across different regions of the kinematic plane. Interestingly, the proton and neutron targets exhibit distinct patterns of entanglement. In the neutron case, the electric and magnetic polarizabilities dramatically influence the pattern and even the existence of entanglement. This suggests that entanglement can serve as a novel tool for investigating the detailed electromagnetic properties of the nucleons.
SN  - 1029-8479
ER  -