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Peer-reviewedCC BYnpj Breast Cancer

Flavonoid-rich foods, genetic risk, and female breast cancer risk: a prospective cohort study

  • Rui Yang1
  • Yi-Lin Xu1
  • Ying Wang2
  • Wei-Yi Xing1
  • Wen-Rui Zheng1
  • Jia-Xin Liu1
  • Bang-Quan Liu1
  • Jia-Cheng Liu3
  • Chao Ni4
  • Ting-Ting Gong1
  • Shan-Yan Gao5
  • Qi-Jun Wu1
5 affiliations
  1. 1Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education
  2. 2Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University
  3. 3Department of Gynecology, Liaoning Institute of birth health and development, Reproductive Hospital of China Medical University
  4. 4Department of Breast Surgery (Surgical Oncology), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
  5. 5Clinical Trials and Translation Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University
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Abstract

The Flavodiet Score (FDS) represents flavonoid-rich food intake, but its association with breast cancer risk and whether genetic risk modifies this association remain unclear. We analyzed data from 93,271 females in the UK Biobank with a median follow-up of 11.8 years. Associations were examined using delayed-entry Cox proportional hazards regression models. The polygenic risk score (PRS) for breast cancer was constructed based on 168 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Results showed that females in the highest FDS quintile had a 15% reduced risk compared with those in the lowest quintile. Higher intakes of specific flavonoid subclasses (such as flavanones and proanthocyanidins) and of flavonoid-rich foods (including oranges and apples) were also associated with reduced breast cancer risk. Furthermore, the association between FDS and breast cancer risk did not vary significantly according to menopausal status. Notably, among females with high PRS, those in the highest quintile of FDS showed a significantly reduced breast cancer risk. In conclusion, adherence to a flavonoid-rich diet may reduce breast cancer risk, providing valuable guidance for future intervention studies and public health strategies.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{yang2026flavonoidrich,
  title = {{Flavonoid-rich foods, genetic risk, and female breast cancer risk: a prospective cohort study}},
  author = {Rui Yang and Yi-Lin Xu and Ying Wang and Wei-Yi Xing and Wen-Rui Zheng and Jia-Xin Liu and Bang-Quan Liu and Jia-Cheng Liu and Chao Ni and Ting-Ting Gong and Shan-Yan Gao and Qi-Jun Wu},
  journal = {npj Breast Cancer},
  year = {2026},
  month = jun,
  doi = {10.1038/s41523-026-00989-y},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41523-026-00989-y},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Flavonoid-rich foods, genetic risk, and female breast cancer risk: a prospective cohort study
AU  - Rui Yang
AU  - Yi-Lin Xu
AU  - Ying Wang
AU  - Wei-Yi Xing
AU  - Wen-Rui Zheng
AU  - Jia-Xin Liu
AU  - Bang-Quan Liu
AU  - Jia-Cheng Liu
AU  - Chao Ni
AU  - Ting-Ting Gong
AU  - Shan-Yan Gao
AU  - Qi-Jun Wu
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/06/01
JO  - npj Breast Cancer
DO  - 10.1038/s41523-026-00989-y
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41523-026-00989-y
AB  - The Flavodiet Score (FDS) represents flavonoid-rich food intake, but its association with breast cancer risk and whether genetic risk modifies this association remain unclear. We analyzed data from 93,271 females in the UK Biobank with a median follow-up of 11.8 years. Associations were examined using delayed-entry Cox proportional hazards regression models. The polygenic risk score (PRS) for breast cancer was constructed based on 168 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Results showed that females in the highest FDS quintile had a 15% reduced risk compared with those in the lowest quintile. Higher intakes of specific flavonoid subclasses (such as flavanones and proanthocyanidins) and of flavonoid-rich foods (including oranges and apples) were also associated with reduced breast cancer risk. Furthermore, the association between FDS and breast cancer risk did not vary significantly according to menopausal status. Notably, among females with high PRS, those in the highest quintile of FDS showed a significantly reduced breast cancer risk. In conclusion, adherence to a flavonoid-rich diet may reduce breast cancer risk, providing valuable guidance for future intervention studies and public health strategies.
SN  - 2374-4677
ER  -