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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Endocrine Oncology

Circulating biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of neuroendocrine neoplasms

  • Angie S Xiang1,2,3,4
  • Emma Boehm2,3,4
  • Sunita M C De Sousa5
  • Roderick J Clifton-Bligh6
  • Richard W Tothill3,4,7
7 affiliations
  1. 1St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
  2. 2Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
  3. 3Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
  4. 4Collaborative Centre for Genomic Cancer Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
  5. 5Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
  6. 6Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
  7. 7Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Abstract

Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) comprise a broad family of tumours arising from the diffuse neuroendocrine system and endocrine glands and vary widely in clinical behaviour ranging from indolent to highly aggressive. Established monoanalyte biomarkers, including chromogranin A and NEN-derived hormones, have clinical utility but they also have some major limitations including non-specificity for tumour origin, variable sensitivity between NEN subtypes, inconsistent correlation with prognostic factors including metastasis, and can be falsely elevated in common non-NEN pathologies. The expansion of investigative NEN biomarkers through advancing omics technologies and computational methods holds potential to improve diagnosis and prognostication and to aid in therapy selection or trial allocation. This review will outline established and evolving NEN circulating biomarkers and their roles in clinical practice.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{xiang2026circulating,
  title = {{Circulating biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of neuroendocrine neoplasms}},
  author = {Angie S Xiang and Emma Boehm and Sunita M C De Sousa and Roderick J Clifton-Bligh and Richard W Tothill},
  journal = {Endocrine Oncology},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1530/eo-25-0115},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1530/eo-25-0115},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Circulating biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of neuroendocrine neoplasms
AU  - Angie S Xiang
AU  - Emma Boehm
AU  - Sunita M C De Sousa
AU  - Roderick J Clifton-Bligh
AU  - Richard W Tothill
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/28
JO  - Endocrine Oncology
DO  - 10.1530/eo-25-0115
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1530/eo-25-0115
AB  - Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) comprise a broad family of tumours arising from the diffuse neuroendocrine system and endocrine glands and vary widely in clinical behaviour ranging from indolent to highly aggressive. Established monoanalyte biomarkers, including chromogranin A and NEN-derived hormones, have clinical utility but they also have some major limitations including non-specificity for tumour origin, variable sensitivity between NEN subtypes, inconsistent correlation with prognostic factors including metastasis, and can be falsely elevated in common non-NEN pathologies. The expansion of investigative NEN biomarkers through advancing omics technologies and computational methods holds potential to improve diagnosis and prognostication and to aid in therapy selection or trial allocation. This review will outline established and evolving NEN circulating biomarkers and their roles in clinical practice.
SN  - 2634-4793
ER  -